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IPv6, ICMP, DNS

IPv6, ICMP, DNS. IPv4. IPv4. IPv4 is successful in that the protocol has accommodated changes in hardware technologies, heterogeneous networks, and extremely large scale. But address space is limited. IPv4 has no built-in support for new Internet applications.

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IPv6, ICMP, DNS

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  1. IPv6, ICMP, DNS

  2. IPv4

  3. IPv4 • IPv4 is successful in that the protocol has accommodated changes in hardware technologies, heterogeneous networks, and extremely large scale. • But address space is limited. • IPv4 has no built-in support for new Internet applications. • the interest in collaboration technologies increases

  4. IPv6 • Address size: 128 bits • Extension headers • Support for audio and video • Extensible protocol

  5. IPv6 Datagram Format

  6. IPv6 Base Header

  7. NEXT HEADER

  8. Fragmentation and Path MTU

  9. ICMP as an Error Reporting Mechanism • IP defines a best-effort communication service in which datagrams can be lost, duplicated, or delayed out of order. • However best-effort is not careless.

  10. ICMP • The TCP/IP suite includes ICMP protocol that IP uses to send error message. • Each ICMP message has a type. I.e. 0 Echo reply 3 Destination Unreachable 11 Time exceeded

  11. ICMP Message Transport Messages can be both error messages and informational messages

  12. ICMP cont’d… • Ping application • Traceroute application • Path MTU discovery Make use of ICMP

  13. Naming With the Domain Name System • Symbolic names to define specific computers are required for human understanding • But symbolic names are not convenient for computers

  14. Structure of Computer Names

  15. Domain Names within an Organization

  16. Optimization of DNS Performance • Replicated DNS servers • Caching

  17. References • Comer, D., Computer Networks and Internets 4/e

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