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Burley Tobacco Update

Burley Tobacco Update. Dr. Bob Pearce Extension Tobacco Specialist. 2011 ANR Agent Update Winchester, Kentucky October, 27 2011. Outline. 2011 Burley Crop Summary New Insecticide Update Variety Update Tobacco Industry Concerns TSNA Chemical Residues GAP training/documentation.

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Burley Tobacco Update

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  1. Burley Tobacco Update Dr. Bob Pearce Extension Tobacco Specialist 2011 ANR Agent Update Winchester, Kentucky October, 27 2011

  2. Outline 2011 Burley Crop Summary New Insecticide Update Variety Update Tobacco Industry Concerns TSNA Chemical Residues GAP training/documentation

  3. 2011 Yield Outlook • USDA/KASS • October yield forecast for burley • 2000 lbs/A • Projected 64,000 A planted • About 128 million lbs production • Predicted yield based on rainfall • Based on rainfall recorded at 4 stations • Glasgow • Louisville • Lexington • Spindletop • Adjustment made based on monthly average rainfall

  4. 2011 Yield Outlook

  5. 2010 Yield Outlook

  6. Burley Curing Conditions • Temperature • Influences rate of chemical and biological reactions • Influences drying rate • Optimum range 65 to 90 F (mean daily) • Relative Humidity • Influences drying rate • 65 to 70% RH (mean daily) for buff to tan colored leaf • 72 to 75% RH for dark brown to red leaf • Air Movement • Influences drying rate • Increase air movement to increase drying rate • Reduce air movement to slow drying rate

  7. Mean Daily RH 2010

  8. Mean Daily RH 2011

  9. Mean Daily Temp 2011

  10. Burley Curing Advisory

  11. 2011 Quality • There is a demand for good quality burley • Early • Good to Excellent • Dark Reddish Brown • Mid • Fair to Good • Tan to Buff • Late • Fair to Poor • Green

  12. New Insecticides • Coragen • Transplant water – Good on hornworms • Foliar – Good for both hornworm and budworm • 1 day PHI • Voliam-Flexi (platinum + Coragen) • Good foliar treatment • Worms, aphids, and flea beetle • 14 days PHI • Voliam-Xpress (warrior +Coragen) • Broad spectrum • Good foliar • 40 days PHI • Durivo (platinum + Coragen) • Transplant Drench • Worms, aphids, flea beetles

  13. Durivo (Syngenta)

  14. New Variety for 2012 • KT 212 (expected) • The “new” 14xL8 • Yield High 8 • Race 0 Black Shank – 10 • Race 1 Black Shank – 4-5 • Early Maturing

  15. Woodford Co. Variety Trial 2009Travis Thompson Farm

  16. Woodford Co Variety Trial 2010Thompson Farm

  17. Tobacco Industry Concerns • TSNA Levels in Leaf • Residues • MH • Warrior • G.A.P. Training

  18. Best Management Practices to Reduce Burley TSNAs

  19. BMPs • Seed screening • Use LC / screened seed • Major impact • Low conversion, other strategies minor • Fertilization • Do not use more N than necessary • Do not sidedress too late • Harvest • Correct maturity – 28 DAT • Too late- ↑ TSNAs; too early – MH residues • Do not cut wet tobacco • Housing • Do not house wet tobacco • Do not overpack barns

  20. Every 10 units N , 0.05 ppm TSNA  ON AVERAGE Bush, Team TSNA

  21. BMPs • Curing • Manage vents carefully • Stripping • Allow tobacco to come into case naturally • Strip as soon as possible • Storage • Minimize time in storage • Do not bale high moisture tobacco • Do not deliver tobacco >23.9% moisture

  22. Factors Affecting Nitrite Accumulation During Curing • Temperature • ↑ temperature, ↑ TSNAs • Biological & chemical reactions ↑ as temps ↑ • Relative Humidity • ↑ humidity, ↑ TSNAs • High humidity favorable for bacteria (nitrite) • Longer cure, leaf active longer • Air movement • ↑ air movement, ↓ TSNAs • Lowers humidity • Minimizes anaerobic conditions

  23. Challenge • Great progress in TSNA reduction • TSNA levels much lower • Challenge • Further reduce or eliminate current low TSNAs in burley • While maintaining quality

  24. MH Residues 2009 4.5 weeks to harvest 3.55”rain Detectable limit = 10 ppm

  25. MH Residues 2010 3.5 weeks to harvest 0.8“ rainfall Detectable limit = 10 ppm

  26. Regional Burley Sucker Control 185g/plt 946 g/plt

  27. DNA/Tank Mix Comparison 185g/plt 946 g/plt

  28. DNA alone Comparison 185g/plt

  29. Observations • As MH rate decreases • Residues decrease • Consistency decreases • 2.25 lbs is often as good as 3.0 lbs/A (Alone) • 1.5 gallons regular • 1 gallon high • 1.5 lbs is often as good as 2.25 lbs/A (in combination) • 1 gallon regular • 2/3 gallon high • DNAs • Prime +, Flupro, Drexalin, and Butralinsimilar performance

  30. Good Agricultural Practices • All companies want growers trained/certified • Moving toward industry-wide standard • Corporate responsibility • Driven by shareholders • Includes • Agronomic practices • Worker protection • Labor regulation compliance

  31. Burley Future in Kentucky??? • Demand for quality burley is strong • Uncertain regulatory environment • Growers increasingly frustrated • Marginal leaf prices • Inconsistent grading • Moisture measurements • Increasing company requirements • Labor availability and costs • Weather/Climate concerns

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