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Rethinking Personnel Policy in K-12 Education. Michael Podgursky Department of Economics University of Missouri – Columbia PodgurskyM@missouri.edu http://web.missouri.edu/~econwww/ Serving Our Children: Reform of American Public Education Harris Stowe College St. Louis, MO Nov. 18, 2004.
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Rethinking Personnel Policy in K-12 Education Michael Podgursky Department of Economics University of Missouri – Columbia PodgurskyM@missouri.edu http://web.missouri.edu/~econwww/ Serving Our Children: Reform of American Public Education Harris Stowe College St. Louis, MO Nov. 18, 2004
No Significant Statistical Relationship Between Changes in Average Spending Per Student and MAP Student Achievement Gains
Relationship Between Changes in Spending and Changes in MAP Scores • Change in district MAP Percent Proficient and Advanced Versus Change in district average Current Expenditure Per Student • All Districts with N ≥ 25 Test Takers in Both Years • First Mandatory Year (98 Math, 99 CA) to 2003 • Unweighted and Weighted by Number of 2003 Test-Takers • Statistically significant slope in RED. Only 1 of 12 (3rd Grade CA)
Comm. Arts, Grade 11, Unweighted +$1000 = +.59 %-pt
Comm. Arts, Grade 7, Unweighted +$1000 = +.22 %-pt
Math, Grade 10, Unweighted +$1000 = +.18 %-pt
Math, Grade 8, Unweighted +$1000 = -.24 %-pt
Teacher Licensing Systems Are So Complex That No One Is in Compliance MO: 89 academic 171 vocational certificates and endorsements 700+ valid licensing codes
Figure 4 Percent of Courses Taught by Teachers With Inappropriate or No Licenses by Expenditure Per Pupil in Average Daily Attendance: Missouri K-12 Public School Districts, 2001-2002 r = .27
Level and Structure of Teacher Pay • Single Salary Schedule - Not Market Based, Suppresses Differences by: • Field • Schools within a District • Effort or Quality of Performance • Rewards Graduate Credits Often of Little Value • Backloading
Bottom lines • Standards/Market Model • Shift Focus of Regulation from Inputs to Outputs • Increased Accountability • Expanded School Choice • D3M • Data-Driven Decision Making in Education Administration • Opportunity Cost