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Origin of the Universe Lecture: Part 1 Universe

Origin of the Universe Lecture: Part 1 Universe . Cosmology : the study of the universe and our place in it. The moment when all matter and energy were formed in a cosmic explosion is called the Big Bang occurred 13.7 bya generated quarks that went flying out into space along with energy

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Origin of the Universe Lecture: Part 1 Universe

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  1. Origin of the Universe Lecture: Part 1 Universe

  2. Cosmology: the study of the universe and our place in it. • The moment when all matter and energy were formed in a cosmic explosion is called the Big Bang • occurred 13.7 bya • generated quarks that went flying out into space along with energy • Quarks came together to form the smallest atoms (hydrogen and helium).

  3. Quarks coalesce (came together) to form protons, neutrons and electron: subatomic particles • Particle accelerators are used to study quarks and what happened in the Big Bang. • Bombard subatomic particles w/ other subatomic particles and look @ what gets ejected as they collide

  4. Even today when we listen in space we hear a hiss indicating the presence of microwave radiation still radiating since the Big Bang.

  5. Inflation • A process that started when the universe formed and continues today. • Expansion video • We can see evidence of this in something called redshift.

  6. As an object moves away from the observer there is an increase in the wavelength of any light emitted. As an object moves towards the observer there is an decrease in the wavelength of any light emitted. Red Shift/Blue Shift We can also hear this phenomenon (the Doppler Effect) in sound waves.

  7. The Big Bang made quarks, those quarks coalesced to form atoms of H and He. Those atoms clumped together and the clumps grow as a result of gravity. The largest clumps get hot and dense enough to start a fusion reaction. Fusion reaction: two smaller atoms combine to make a larger atom. Gravity!

  8. Stars are powered by fusion reactions. Origin of our solar system. These fusion reactions start out making elements like He and Li. When all the hydrogen in a star is used up, large stars will collapse in on themselves (implode). A Star is Born!

  9. An exploding star! When all the hydrogen is gone and the star is imploding there is enough heat and pressure for heavier elements (up to iron) to form. When the star runs out of any smaller elements to fuse it explodes out and all the rest of the elements after iron are formed. Supernovae

  10. Gravity pulls atoms back together forming new stars and sometimes planets like ours. These new objects have a mix of all sorts of elements. “We are all stardust” All the atoms that make us and everything else we have around us were made in ancient stars that exploded as supernovae. Gravity!

  11. Evidence for the Big Bang • Background hiss of microwave radiation • Hydrogen is the simplest and most abundant element in the universe followed by He • Red Shift: the universe is expanding • Stars and supernovae repeat patterns

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