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Evolution of Telecommunication: From Early Messaging to Modern Signal Transmission

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This piece explores the transformative journey of telecommunication from its inception in passing messages over distances to the advanced technologies we utilize today. Key developments, including the introduction of the telephone and subsequent innovations, are examined. The physics behind wave transmission—both longitudinal and transverse—along with the essential concepts of wave interference, reflection, and refraction are covered. This exploration also highlights the transition from analogue to digital signals, the role of satellites, and the need for masts to boost signals due to attenuation over distances.

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Evolution of Telecommunication: From Early Messaging to Modern Signal Transmission

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  1. Tele-communication Meanscommunication at distance

  2. Not a New Idea

  3. Earlydevelopmentsforpassingmessages

  4. Themodern era

  5. Thephone

  6. Changes to thephone

  7. Basic physics

  8. Waves Longitudinal: sound Transverse: emspectrum

  9. Key terms

  10. Wave interference

  11. Reflection

  12. Refraction

  13. Total internalreflection

  14. Opticalfibre

  15. Whyreplacecopper

  16. Signals

  17. Satellitetransmission

  18. Attenuation • Over a distancetheenergy in a signalisdissipated as it spreads out so thesignal at anyonepointgetsweaker. • Thisiswhyweneedphone, tv and radio masts to boostthesignals. • Imagine as youmoveawayfrom a light source in thenight – itseffectgetsless. Itisjustthesamewithradiowaves and microwaves.

  19. Electromagneticspectrum

  20. EM spectrumtelecommunication

  21. A bit of physics • V = λx f • Where v = velocity • λ = wavelength • f = frequency • In the case of emspectrum v iscalled c as in Einstein´sfamousequation • E = mc² • C = 3 x 108 m/s • Rearrangetheequation to findthefrequency of 15 cm microwaves.

  22. Thismeans

  23. Types of signal

  24. Practicaldifference Analogue Digital

  25. Benefits and disadvantages of analogue Benefit Disadvantage Loosesinformation • Allowsmuchgreaterinfo. storage • Easier to reproduce • Easier to send and transport

  26. Doesitmatter?

  27. e.g. film • A movingpictureismade up of 24 stillframes a second • Oureyes use thisdiscreteinformation and ourbrainperceivesit as ifwewerelooking at movement in normal life. • Conversely digital allowsusnow to projectmany more frames per secondgivingmuchgreaterresolutione.gphantom cameras.

  28. Challenge: A poster

  29. Rubric

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