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Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS). Prepared by: Taghreed Al-Attar. What is PMS ?. PMS is a group of physical and emotional symptoms that occur in many women (75%) from 2 to 14 days before the onset of menstruation. Causes. The exact cause is unknown, but several factors may contribute to PMS

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Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)

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  1. Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) Prepared by: Taghreed Al-Attar

  2. What is PMS ? • PMS is a group of physical and emotional symptoms that occur in many women (75%) from 2 to 14 days before the onset of menstruation.

  3. Causes • The exact cause is unknown, but several factors may contribute to PMS • Hormonal changes seem to be important • Chemical changes in the brain (insufficient amounts of serotonin) • Low levels of vitamins and minerals • Stress may aggravate symptoms

  4. The emotional symptoms • Anger and irritability • Anxiety • Tension • Depression • Crying • Oversensitivity • Mood swings

  5. The physical symptoms • Fatigue • Bloating (due to fluid retention) • Weight gain • Breast tenderness • Acne • Insomnia • Appetite changes with overeating or food cravings

  6. Treatment • Healthy lifestyle • Variety of medications • Complementary and alternative medicine

  7. Healthy lifestyle • Exercise • Avoid salt before the menstrual period • Reduce caffeine intake • Do not smoke • Have a healthy nutrition • Reduce stress

  8. Complementary medicine • Calcium • Magnesium • Vitamin B-6 • Vitamin E • Herbal remedies e.g ginger

  9. PMS at a glance • PMS is a set of specific physical and emotional features • Physical features include breast tenderness and bloating • Emotional changes may include anger and depression

  10. Cont. • PMS occurs from 2 to 14 days before menstrual period • The causes may be related to hormonal and chemical changes • The most helpful diagnostic tool for PMS is a menstrual diary • Treatment of PMS includes healthy lifestyle and medications

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