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Evolution: Historical Perspectives, Major Contributors, and Contemporary Evidence

This comprehensive overview explores the concept of evolution from its historical inception to the modern understanding of life. Key contributors such as Aristotle, Linnaeus, Darwin, and more laid foundational ideas that shaped evolutionary theory. The discussion spans historical thought, including creationism and concepts of uniformitarianism, while examining evidence such as the fossil record, comparative anatomy, and molecular homology. This blend of historical thought and contemporary evidence highlights the ongoing significance of evolutionary biology in understanding life on Earth.

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Evolution: Historical Perspectives, Major Contributors, and Contemporary Evidence

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  1. Introduction I. History A. Background Thoughts

  2. Major Contributors Contributions & Controversies 1. Aristotle, 300BC Scalae Naturae = fixed state 2.Theology Creationism 3. Linnaeus, 1700’s Taxonomy 4. Buffon, 1700’s Multiple creation sites & times

  3. Major Contributors Contributions & Controversies 5. Hutton, 1700’s Earth older than 6,000yrs 6. Malthus, 1700’s Resources limits populations 7. Cuvier, 1800’s Catastrophism 8. Lyell, 1800’s Uniformitarianism

  4. B. Idea Evolution

  5. Contribution Contributor 1. Anaxamander, 300BC Striving for Complexity 2. Lamarck, 1800’s Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics 3. Mendel, 1860’s Genetics and Inheritance Natural Selection and Descent with Modification 4. Darwin, 1860’s

  6. II. What is Life? A. Living from Non-living

  7. 1. Characteristics of Life a. Highly Organized Figure 1.4

  8. b. Transform Energy Figure 1.5

  9. c.Reproduce

  10. d. Grow and Develop

  11. e.Irritable & Adaptable

  12. f. Practice Homeostasis

  13. Figure 1.3a

  14. Figure 1.13b

  15. B. Studying Life

  16. 1.Scientific Method a. Reasoning b. Process

  17. Figure 1.24

  18. Experimental variables: i. Independent = tested for or manipulated ii. Dependent = changes due toIndependent held constant iii. Control =

  19. Figure 1.25

  20. C. Classifying Life 1. Categories D, K, P, C, O, F, G,& S

  21. Kingdom Protista Kingdom Monera Figure 1.15 Kingdom Fungi Kingdom Plantae

  22. Kingdom Animalia Figure 1.15

  23. III. Characteristics of Animals A. Shared Characteristics

  24. multi-cellular heterotrophs, contractile proteins, special tissues, stages of development, motile, and fixed adult size

  25. IV. Evidence of Selection A. Fossil Record

  26. The fossil record is based on what three key points of data to age identify them? Strata Positioning Magnetic Reversal Half-Life Dating & Racemization

  27. B. Comparative Anatomy

  28. Outward similar inward different or same function different structure Analogous structures = Figure 1.21

  29. Outward different inward similar or same structure different function Homologous Structures = Figure 22.15 Vestigial Structures = Outwardly useless remnants??

  30. C. Comparative Embryology

  31. Similarities in developmental patterns in animals Figure 32.8 Figure 32.9

  32. D. Molecular Homology

  33. Homologies between species (yeast, wheat, & primate) in the sequential amino acid make-up of cytochrome C3.

  34. E. Current Evidence 1. Artificial Selection

  35. That’s all for now folks.

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