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Human Geography What are we looking for?. Understand the World and its patterns “Why of Where?” Why do certain events occur in certain places? Why are places located where they are? “What is there, why there, why care?”. Human Geography Why do I care?. Globalization
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Human Geography What are we looking for? • Understand the World and its patterns • “Why of Where?” • Why do certain events occur in certain places? • Why are places located where they are? • “What is there, why there, why care?”
Human Geography Why do I care? • Globalization • Interconnectedness of the world • Increasing interaction of peoples • Positive and Negative Effects • Sharing ideas / cultures / technologies • Desire for products -> Cheap Labor • Ideas / Culture Clash
Globalization Maquiladora
Globalization Japanese McDonalds
Globalization Al-Farooq Masjid Atlanta, GA
Nasa.gov After Impact of a Tsunami Before
Geographers How do they work? • Need to create a spatial perspective • The location of things and events • Used to explain why human events occur • Used to show how events are related • Nothing lives in isolation
Geographers How do they work? • Collecting data • Put data in spatial perspective • On a map • Use databases • US government • UN • WHO • Collect Data • Quantitative • Qualitative
Spatial Perspective Human and Physical Geography • Physical Geography • Analyzes structures, processes, and locations of the earth’s natural phenomena • Human Geography • Analyzes structures, processes, and locations of the earth’s humans and their interactions
Carving of Buddha, Afghanistan Many statues of the Buddha have been destroyed by the Taliban in Afghanistan.
Unit 1 Geography It’s Nature and Perspectives
5 Themes of Spatial Perspective (or the 5 Themes of Geography) • Location • Human – Environment Interaction • Region • Place • Movement
5 Themes Location • Where is something located? • 2 Types of Location • Absolute Location • Relative Location • 2 Ways to Describe a location • Site • Situation
5 ThemesLocation • Absolute Location • A precise, mathematical location • A location on the global grid • We use latitude and longitude to find Absolute Location
5 ThemesLocation • Latitude • Lines parallel to the Equator • Horizontal • Measure North and South
5 Themes Location • Longitude • Parallel to the Prime Meridian • Vertical • Measure East and West
Absolute Location Intersection between latitude and longitude. http://help.goro.am
5 Themes Location • Measuring Latitude and Longitude • Degrees, Minutes and Seconds • 60 Minutes in a Degree • 60 Seconds in a Minute
5 Themes Location • Time Zones • 24 Time Zones • Start at Prime Meridian • Use Latitude • Driven by economics for scheduling
Time Zones http://www.physicalgeography.net
5 ThemesLocation University of Georgia • Relative Location • Relative to it’s surroundings • Can change • With person / perspective • As area changes • Not precise The Big Chicken
5 Themes Location • Relative Location Georgia Tech
5 Themes Location • Site • Internal Physical and Cultural Characteristics Mt. Kilimanjaro, Kenya Horses in Argentina?
Islamic Population Around the World http://www.digital-kaos.co.uk
5 ThemesLocation • Situation • Location relative to physical and cultural characteristics • Relative to things around it
5 ThemesHuman / Environment Interaction • Cultural Ecology • How do humans affect the environment? • How does the environment affect humans?
5 Themes Region • Used to classify information • Organizational tool • Not exact
5 ThemesRegion • 3 Types • Formal • Functional • Perceptual
5 Themes Region • Formal • Tied to a physical or cultural characteristic
5 ThemesRegion • Functional • “Nodal” Region • A link that is established • Connects the people • Created by an outside influence
Functional Regions Fig. 1-11: The state of Iowa is an example of a formal region; the areas of influence of various television stations are examples of functional regions.
5 Themes Region • Perceptual (Vernacular) • Created by “perception” • Not exact • Based on opinion • Can change
Vernacular Regions Fig. 1-12: A number of factors are often used to define the South as a vernacular region, each of which identifies somewhat different boundaries.
5 Themes Place • Has Human and Physical Attributes • Human • Religion, Language, Politics, Artwork, etc • Physical • Climate, Terrain, Natural Resources
5 Themes Movement • How / where do things “move” within a given space? • Ideas, people, goods, information, etc
5 Themes Movement • Spatial Interaction • How do places interact through movement? • Show impact of one place on the other
5 Themes Movement • Friction of Distance • How distance interferes with interaction • Interaction made easier over time • Improved Technology • Space – Time Compression • Increased connectivity due to increased technology
Space-Time Compression, 1492–1962 Fig. 1-20: The times required to cross the Atlantic, or orbit the Earth, illustrate how transport improvements have shrunk the world.
5 Themes Movement • Distance Decay • Influence of one area over another over distance • Less important with improved travel technology
5 Themes Movement • Diffusion • How things spread or move within an area • From person to person or place to place • The characteristic of that spread