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Outlines

Outlines. The How-to Guide on Creating the Perfect Outline. Wrong. Right. Our city should conduct a campaign against flies. Thousands of flies infest the city every year. They breed everywhere. They buzz at every kitchen door. Flies spread disease. They carry germs.

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Outlines

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  1. Outlines The How-to Guide on Creating the Perfect Outline

  2. Wrong Right • Our city should conduct a campaign against flies. • Thousands of flies infest the city every year. • They breed everywhere. • They buzz at every kitchen door. • Flies spread disease. • They carry germs. • They contaminate food. • Flies can be eliminated easily. • Widespread use of insecticides kills them. • Cleaning up refuse prevents their breeding. • Our city should conduct a campaign against the thousands of flies that infest the city every year, breeding everywhere and buzzing at every kitchen door, because they spread disease by carrying germs and contaminating food, and because they can be eliminated easily by killing them with insecticides and preventing their breeding by cleaning up refuse.

  3. Each Unit in the Outline Should Contain Only One Item

  4. Right Wrong • Radio is a direct benefit to humanity. • It has saved many lives at sea. • It makes easier the spreading of news. • It has aided in tracking down a great many criminals. • Present broadcasting methods are not as good as they might be. • There are too many stations cluttering the air. • Programs are becoming worse. • There are too many disk jockey programs. • There are too many high-pressure sales talks. • Radio is a direct benefit to humanity • It has saved many lives at sea. • It makes easier the spreading of news. • Present broadcasting methods are not as good as they might be. • There are too many stations cluttering the air. • Programs are becoming worse. • There are too many disk jockey programs and high-pressure sales talk. • This is true even though a great many criminals have been tracked down by means of radio.

  5. The Items in the Outline Should Be Logically Subordinated.

  6. Standard Symbols and Relationships In Your Outline

  7. Standard Symbols and Relationships In Your Outline • (Statement of your thesis or belief) • (First major idea) • First sub-point supporting A. a. First detail supporting 1. b. Second detail supporting 1. 2. Second sub-point supporting A. a. First detail supporting 2. b. Second detail supporting 2. • (Second major idea) • First sub-point supporting B. • Second sub-point supporting B.

  8. Criteria for Good Outlines

  9. Criteria for Good Outlines • The Statement of Purpose should be labeled for recognition. • Use fairly Short Introductions and Conclusions. • The Thesis Statement should be labeled for recognition. In a persuasive speech, the Thesis Statement (i.e., the “belief” statement) should appear as the major heading for the body of the speech.

  10. Criteria for Good Outlines • The LAY-OUT of a good outline will: • Observe Proper Indentation: an entry that continues onto a second line should be indented to begin directly beneath the first letter of the first line. • Have Parallel Structure: similar entries grouped together should have similar phrasing.

  11. Criteria for Good Outlines • The LAY-OUT of a good outline will (cont.): • Have Unity: all grouped entries should have a common focus. • Is each capital letter a logical division of the Roman Numeral? • Is there consistent form in topics of equal rank? • Is the sequence of ideas appropriate to the content?

  12. Criteria for Good Outlines • The LAY-OUT of a good outline will (cont.): • Contain a Consistent Set of Symbols. • Have a Complete Sentence for each major heading and major subdivision. • Include a Maximum of Five (5) Main Points (3 is preferred). • Not Exceed Two (2) Pages for a speech of no more than 10 minutes.

  13. Criteria for Good Outlines • The CONTENT of a good outline will have: • Major entries organized to include reasons, causes-effects, problems-solutions, procedures, time sequence, or space sequence. • Entries subordinate to each major idea, including: • Examples v. Quotations • Illustrations vi. Statistics • Parts of a whole vii. Lists • Functions viii. Facts (details)

  14. Criteria for Good Outlines • The CONTENT of a good outline will have (cont.): • Evidence properly subordinated to concepts (see parallel and unity above). • Each major idea subdivided far enough to guide development of the idea. • A variety of supporting material.

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