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Robotic Systems

Robotic Systems. Trends, Research, Future. Aleksandar Stefanovski. CSCi 338 :: Distributed Systems :: Fall 2005. What are Robots?.

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Robotic Systems

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  1. Robotic Systems Trends, Research, Future Aleksandar Stefanovski CSCi 338 :: Distributed Systems :: Fall 2005

  2. What are Robots? “A reprogrammable, multifunctional manipulator designed to move material, parts, tools, or specialized devices through various programmed motions for the performance of a variety of tasks" - Robot Institute of America, 1979 Distributed Systems :: CSCi 338

  3. Autonomous Robots Machines that can: • Perceive • constantly know the state of the environment • Reason • use of cognition • decision making • Act • autonomously carry out tasks • react to the environment Distributed Systems :: CSCi 338

  4. Trends in Robotics • Industrial robot systems • To achieve high-quality and cost-effective flexible manufacturing and logistics in all major industrial branches • Service robots • To be found in all domains of our life: in domestic and leisure environments, in health and rehabilitations, in professional services and in hazardous environments • Space and Security robots • Concerned with the use of robots in land, sea, subsea, air, space and crisis or civil security management missions Distributed Systems :: CSCi 338

  5. Trends in Robotics • Industrial robot systems • Manufacturing: • automotive and truck manufacturing • construction • agriculture • aerospace • marine • consumer products • electronic and telecommunications products • furniture and more. • Service robots • Space and Security robots Distributed Systems :: CSCi 338

  6. Trends in Robotics • Industrial robot systems • Used for: • welding (arc & spot welding), • material handling, pick and place, loading/unloading • machine tending, • packaging, • cutting (plasma cutting, router cutting) • grinding • Service robots • Space and Security robots Distributed Systems :: CSCi 338

  7. Trends in Robotics • Industrial robot systems • Service robots • Professional applications • Medicine, Mining, Search and rescue • Domestic use • Vacuum cleaners • Entertainment • Sony AIBO, Honda ASIMO • Soccer • Space and Security robots Distributed Systems :: CSCi 338

  8. Trends in Robotics • Industrial robot systems • Service robots • Space and Security robots • Autonomous Land Robots • Unmanned Ground/Air/Sea Vehicles • Assembly & Repair in Space • Planetary Explorations Distributed Systems :: CSCi 338

  9. Trends in Robotics Distributed Systems :: CSCi 338

  10. Trends in Robotics Distributed Systems :: CSCi 338

  11. Trends in Robotics Distributed Systems :: CSCi 338

  12. Trends in Robotics Distributed Systems :: CSCi 338

  13. Research & Development Overlaps in all application areas: • Industrial robot systems • Service robots • Space and Security robots • AI • communication • (remote) control & coordination • precision • distribution • sensor networks Distributed Systems :: CSCi 338

  14. Distributive SystemsControl and Coordination Distributed Systems :: CSCi 338

  15. Distributive SystemsControl and Coordination • Autonomous vs Remote Control • Tele-robotics • PDA-base control • Laptop/Desktop • Relative proximity (on the field) • No proximity (room/city/country/continent) • via the Internet Distributed Systems :: CSCi 338

  16. Technology Challenges • Manipulation and Grasping • Very flexible and dexterous arms with a payload/weight ratio 1:1 • Autonomy and dependability • Autonomous and safe behavior for robots acting in everyday environments and coping with a wide set of tasks in all operational modes • Detect unforeseen situations and recover into a controlled state (ex. Wireless robot lost in 9/11 rescue because no recovery mechanism) • Intuitive human-robot interaction • Transfer of information and instructions of tasks, skills, objects, environment, etc… Distributed Systems :: CSCi 338

  17. Technology Challenges • Sensing and control • Be aware of the environment: detect objects and people, monitor processes, • Intelligent distributed environments • Agents of physical action for delivering, individually or collectively as a group, new capabilities, applications and services • Mechatronic design and miniaturization Distributed Systems :: CSCi 338

  18. Components • Actuators • Robot arms, motor systems, etc. • Sensors • 3D, tactile, force/torque, heat • Range; Imaging; Proximity; Orientation; Contact; Internal; Communications… • Processing and communications • Man-machine-interfaces • Input/output, graphics, virtual environment Distributed Systems :: CSCi 338

  19. Robotics Research • Space and Naval Warfare (SPAWAR) Systems Center, San Diego • “Autonomous Mobile Communication Relays” • “Challenges for deploying man-portable robots into hostile environments” • Robotics Institutes • Stanford • Carnegie Mellon • University of Southern California • Massachusetts Institute of Technology Distributed Systems :: CSCi 338

  20. Robotics Research of Interest • Self-organizing robotic networks • Distributed multi-robot systems • Challenges of planetary robotic explorations • Mapping and exploration of unknown environments • Probabilistic Robotics Distributed Systems :: CSCi 338

  21. Robotic Systems Trends, Research, Future Questions and Answers CSCi 285 :: Information Policy :: Fall 2004

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