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Political Ideology in Nigeria Politics: From the Genesis of the Nation Nigeria 1914-2011

Political Ideology in Nigeria Politics: From the Genesis of the Nation Nigeria 1914-2011. SHAIBU Sunday Danladi, MA, Ph.D. Candidate Faculty of Social Sciences, Charles University Email: dan.cunicz@live.com. AGENDA.

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Political Ideology in Nigeria Politics: From the Genesis of the Nation Nigeria 1914-2011

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  1. Political Ideology in Nigeria Politics: From the Genesis of the Nation Nigeria 1914-2011 SHAIBU Sunday Danladi, MA, Ph.D. Candidate Faculty of Social Sciences,Charles University Email: dan.cunicz@live.com

  2. AGENDA • ◆The genesis of political ideology in Nigeria (1914-2011) • ◆ Unleashing the missing links: Nigeria • ◆ Nigeria in the face of multi-cultureless • ◆ Nigeria in the geopolitical panic of history: 21st century lens • ◆ Nigeria regional and continental roles: analytical perspectives • ◆ The question of corruption in Nigeria and the risk of survival • ◆ Factors that increase the chances of corruption in Nigeria • ◆ Democracy and the Nigerian survival: which way remains • ◆ Religion in Nigerian politics: regional dimension

  3. AGENDA • ◆The genesis of political ideology in Nigeria (1914-2011) • ◆ Unleashing the missing links: Nigeria • ◆ Nigeria in the face of multi-cultureless • ◆ Nigeria in the geopolitical panic of history: 21st century lens • ◆ Nigeria regional and continental roles: analytical perspectives • ◆ The question of corruption in Nigeria and the risk of survival • ◆ Factors that increase the chances of corruption in Nigeria • ◆ Democracy and the Nigerian survival: which way remains • ◆ Religion in Nigerian politics: regional dimension

  4. Nigerian constitutional ideologies: historical line • 1914 Nigeria unified under one colony • 1920 National Council of British West Africaformed • 1923 Nigerian national democratic party formed • 1951 General constitution inaugurated • 1960 granted (decorated) as an independent nation • 1963 federal republic declared • 1979first indigenous constitution drafted • 1995 constitution re-fine-tuned • 1999 1979 constitution re-drafted and published

  5. AGENDA • ◆The genesis of political ideology in Nigeria (1914-2011) • ◆ Unleashing the missing links: Nigeria • ◆ Nigeria in the face of multi-cultureless • ◆ Nigeria in the geopolitical panic of history: 21st century lens • ◆ Nigeria regional and continental roles: analytical perspectives • ◆ The question of corruption in Nigeria and the risk of survival • ◆ Factors that increase the chances of corruption in Nigeria • ◆ Democracy and the Nigerian survival: which way remains • ◆ Religion in Nigerian politics: regional dimension

  6. Regional Hostilities in Nigeria • …let resolve to be masters, not the victim of our history, controlling our own destiny without giving way to the blind suspicious and emotions” F.J. Kennedy (1917-1963 • reconciliation, 1967-1970 • oil abundance & corruption and looting • military coup, 1975 • a constitution that speaks for every tie of the nation • Real changes never comes from mere reforms, changing national flags but changing the institutional frame-work, via reconciliation and all inclusive public participations.

  7. AGENDA • ◆The genesis of political ideology in Nigeria (1914-2011) • ◆ Unleashing the missing links: Nigeria • ◆ Nigeria in the face of multi-cultureless • ◆ Nigeria in the geopolitical panic of history: 21st century lens • ◆ Nigeria regional and continental roles: analytical perspectives • ◆ The question of corruption in Nigeria and the risk of survival • ◆ Factors that increase the chances of corruption in Nigeria • ◆ Democracy and the Nigerian survival: which way remains • ◆ Religion in Nigerian politics: regional dimension

  8. The 21st Constitutional Dilemma“I have also sought to present the territorial states as historically contingent, and the process of integration as at least potentially reversible” (M.Keating,1988a, 1998a) • Historical challenges and conflicting ideologies • complex-fraction state with unique culture & history • two undeniable challenges (a) The state of the union redefinition, (b) high-level perilous corruption

  9. Beetham, D. 1991. Legitimation. London: Macmillan. p19 • Power must be exercised according to established rules • The rules must be justified in terms of shared beliefs • Legitimacy must be demonstrated by the expression of consent on the part of the governed

  10. AGENDA • ◆The genesis of political ideology in Nigeria (1914-2011) • ◆ Unleashing the missing links: Nigeria • ◆ Nigeria in the face of multi-cultureless • ◆ Nigeria in the geopolitical panic of history: 21st century lens • ◆ Nigeria regional and continental roles: analytical perspectives • ◆ The question of corruption in Nigeria and the risk of survival • ◆ Factors that increase the chances of corruption in Nigeria • ◆ Democracy and the Nigerian survival: which way remains • ◆ Religion in Nigerian politics: regional dimension

  11. “We must not allow ourselves to become like the system we oppose. We cannot afford to use methods of which we will be ashamed when we look back, when we say, and ‘...We shouldn’t have done that.’” ---Desmond Tutu

  12. The reform • The vestige • The vision • The solution • The question

  13. AGENDA • ◆The genesis of political ideology in Nigeria (1914-2011) • ◆ Unleashing the missing links: Nigeria • ◆ Nigeria in the face of multi-cultureless • ◆ Nigeria in the geopolitical panic of history: 21st century lens • ◆ Nigeria regional and continental roles: analytical perspectives • ◆ The question of corruption in Nigeria and the risk of survival • ◆ Factors that increase the chances of corruption in Nigeria • ◆ Democracy and the Nigerian survival: which way remains • ◆ Religion in Nigerian politics: regional dimension

  14. Nigeria’s regional and continental roles (1/2) • International Peace-keeping missions • New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD) • Anti-apartheid “South African freedom” • Independence of Namibia, Liberia, South Sudan, etc. • Organization of African Unity (OAU)

  15. Nigeria’s regional and continental roles (2/2) • African Union • Economical Community of West African States (ECOWAS) • Technical Aid Corp (TAC) • Nigerian Defense Academy • Trust Fund in African Development Bank

  16. AGENDA • ◆The genesis of political ideology in Nigeria (1914-2011) • ◆ Unleashing the missing links: Nigeria • ◆ Nigeria in the face of multi-cultureless • ◆ Nigeria in the geopolitical panic of history: 21st century lens • ◆ Nigeria regional and continental roles: analytical perspectives • ◆ The question of corruption in Nigeria and the risk of survival • ◆ Factors that increase the chances of corruption in Nigeria • ◆ Democracy and the Nigerian survival: which way remains • ◆ Religion in Nigerian politics: regional dimension

  17. Between 1999 and 2011 almost 99% of Nigerian politicians are convicted of corruption.Yet sign of change seem inevitable

  18. Seymour M. LIPSET & Gabriel S. LENZ, corruption is efforts secure wealth or power through illegal means; the private gain at public expense; or a misuse of public power for private benefit. Amartya SEN, Corrupt behaviour involves the violation of established rules for personal gain and profit. Segun OSOBA, Corruption is an anti social behavior conferring improper benefits contrary to legal and moral norms, and which undermines the authorities to improve the living conditions of the people.

  19. Web: looters and receivers • “Spoil politics” (Chris Allen, 1999) • State weakness, explode, ceases to exercise authority • Corruption-frustration-lawlessness-instability

  20. AGENDA • ◆The genesis of political ideology in Nigeria (1914-2011) • ◆ Unleashing the missing links: Nigeria • ◆ Nigeria in the face of multi-cultureless • ◆ Nigeria in the geopolitical panic of history: 21st century lens • ◆ Nigeria regional and continental roles: analytical perspectives • ◆ The question of Corruption in Nigeria and the risk of survival • ◆ Factors that increase the chances of corruption in Nigeria • ◆ Democracy and the Nigerian survival: which way remains • ◆ Religion in Nigerian politics: regional dimension

  21. “All animals are born equal but some animals are more equal than others” George Orwell, June,p-109) • Elites’ belief on inequality • The absence of willingness • politics as quick access to wealth • Influence, loyalty over taking intellectual artistic • Poverty is enforced on the unprivileged • “Rapacity” complete absence of national interest

  22. Logic of Corruption

  23. Break the Bridge!

  24. AGENDA • ◆The genesis of political ideology in Nigeria (1914-2011) • ◆ Unleashing the missing links: Nigeria • ◆ Nigeria in the face of multi-cultureless • ◆ Nigeria in the geopolitical panic of history: 21st century lens • ◆ Nigeria regional and continental roles: analytical perspectives • ◆ The question of Corruption in Nigeria and the risk of survival • ◆ Factors that increase the chances of corruption in Nigeria • ◆ Democracy and the Nigerian survival: which way remains • ◆ Religion in Nigerian politics: regional dimension

  25. “History’s conclusion is that Africa has tried to work the wrong models.” --- Basil Davidson

  26. Natural resources battle • Re-unification • Corruption • Foreign policy • Constitutional reform

  27. AGENDA • ◆The genesis of political ideology in Nigeria (1914-2011) • ◆ Unleashing the missing links: Nigeria • ◆ Nigeria in the face of multi-cultureless • ◆ Nigeria in the geopolitical panic of history: 21st century lens • ◆ Nigeria regional and continental roles: analytical perspectives • ◆ The question of Corruption in Nigeria and the risk of survival • ◆ Factors that increase the chances of corruption in Nigeria • ◆ Democracy and the Nigerian survival: which way remains • ◆ Religion in Nigerian politics: regional dimension

  28. Spiritualism religion signifies a pattern of belief and related behavior • Politics are now centered around the competition for positions (Graf 1988:18) • Groups of Northern elite politics are codified in the context of religion

  29. citizens become slaves in their own country • rules of law are established for the privileged • poverty replaced freedom and liberty • peoples are confined with the limits of what is unjust • citizens are not represented nor hope for a better future What kind of exploitation is more than such a situation?

  30. national constitution remains the composition of colonial and military legitimacy; • the nation’s definition lingered tight of colonial and military fabrication. What kind of Democratic institutions could Nigeria be surveyed as a system of government?

  31. When… • the entire foundation of the country is adequately reviewed, diagnosed • the constitution is re-drafted to speak for the generality of the masses • equal participation by all-Nigerians is ensured on the bases of one voice, one nation • The survival in the 21st century will remain questionable

  32. THANK YOU ALL, APPRECIATE YOUR ATTENTION…

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