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Delve into the art of storytelling through various points of view, narrative structures, and literary devices. Understand how mood, tone, and style shape a story, along with techniques like flashback and foreshadowing. Explore the impact of audience and author's purpose, and learn about devices such as allusion, imagery, and symbolism. Enhance your writing skills by mastering elements like diction, syntax, and figurative language. Uncover the magic of language and narrative in this enlightening journey!
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Literary Terms: Memoir • Advanced English 9
Point of View • Point of View- method of narration used in a short story, novel, narrative poem, or work of nonfiction
Point of View • First-Person Point of View- the narrator is a character in the story
Point of View • Third-Person Point of View- the narrative voice is outside the action; not one of the characters
Point of view • Third-Person Limited Point of View- the narrator tells what only one character thinks, feels, and observes • Third-Person Omniscient Point of View- the narrator is all-knowing; the narrator sees into the minds of all characters
Devices • Mood- the feeling or atmosphere that a writer creates for the reader • Descriptive words, imagery, and figurative language contribute to the mood of a text • the way the reader feels as he or she reads a story
Speaker • The voice of the person assume by the author of a poem
Devices • Style- particular way in which a literary text is written- not what is said but HOW it is said • many elements contribute to style- word choice, sentence structure, tone, figurative language, and point of view • Possible styles include- formal, informal, journalistic, conversational, wordy, ornate, poetic, or dynamic
Devices • Tone- an attitude a writer takes toward a subject • may be described in a variety of ways- serious, humorous, playful, academic, bitter, ironic, etc. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r8Jm0Z7rt5U
Voice • The way in which language reveals an author’s personality, awareness of audience, and passion for his or her subject
Anecdote • a brief illustrative account, often based on a personal incident or actual event
Narrative structure • Flashback- an account of a conversation, an episode, or an event that happened before the beginning of the story • often interrupts the chronological flow of a story to give the reader information needed for the understanding of a character’s present situation
Narrative structure • Foreshadowing- writer’s use of hints or clues to suggest events that will occur later in a story • hints or clues might be included in a character’s dialogue or behavior, or they might be included in details of description • creates suspense and makes readers more active participants in the story
Audience • The person(s) meant to see and/or hear the work VS
Author • Author’s Purpose- a writer usually writes for one of the following purposes: to express thoughts or feelings, to inform or explain, to persuade, or to entertain
Devices • Allusion—an indirect reference to a person, place, event, or thing—real or fictional
Devices • Cliché—an expression that has become lifeless from overuse
Devices • Denotation- the literal, or dictionary, meaning of a word
Devices • Connotation- an attitude or feeling associated with the word • a nuanced significance
Devices • Diction- a writer’s or speaker’s choice of words • can be described in many ways, including- formal, informal, technical, ornate, plain, abstract, concrete, etc
Devices • Dialect—a regional variety of language distinguished by features of vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation
Hyperbole • Hyperbole—exaggeration to express strong emotion or create comic effect
Devices • Imagery- descriptive words and phrases that re-create sensory experiences for the reader • appeals to one of the five senses- sight, hearing, smell, taste, and touch • helps the reader imagine exactly what is being described
Devices • Pun—a phrase that deliberately confuses similar-sounding words for humorous effect
Device • Rhetorical question—a question that is not actually meant to be answered
Device • Sarcasm—a particularly cutting remark, sometimes ironic, in which praise is used tauntingly to indicate it is opposite in meaning; intended to wound
Devices • Simile— comparing two things using like or as • Ex. Nir is as quiet as a mouse. • Metaphor— comparing two or more unlike things without using like or as • Ex. I aced the test; I hit it out of the park.
Devices • Symbol- a person, place, an object, or an activity that stands for something beyond itself
Devices • Syntax- arrangement of words, phrases, and clauses into sentences.
Devices • Understatement—a figure of speech that says less than what it really meant or says something with less force than is appropriate
Roman a clef • Roman a clef- French for novel with a key, is a novel about real life, overlaid with a façade of fiction • The “key” is the relationship between nonfiction and fiction • Ex. Fictitious names
