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PEDIATRIC NURSING Caring For Children and Their Families. MODULE 1. What is Pediatric Nursing?. Caring for children and families Promoting health and wellness through Clinical practice Education Research Advocacy. Special Competencies. Medication dosage calculation
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PEDIATRIC NURSINGCaring For Children and Their Families MODULE 1
What is Pediatric Nursing? • Caring for children and families • Promoting health and wellness through • Clinical practice • Education • Research • Advocacy
Special Competencies • Medication dosage calculation • Pediatric-specific skills • Neonatal, infant and child resuscitation • Play therapy • Family-centered care • Developmentally appropriate care and communication
Peds Nursing Issues • Safety of culture and environment • Access to healthcare • Divorce, abuse, drug use- exposure in home • Lack of prenatal care and appropriate screenings • Violence and bullying in school
Injury and accidents • Nutrition and obesity rates; eating disorders • Peer pressure, drug and alcohol use • Sexual activity and rates of STD and teen pregnancy • Mental health • Child abuse and neglect
Care Settings • Acute care- hospital setting • Critical care hospital unit • Specialty clinics for children with special needs • Public health department • School • Home health and hospice care • Primary care facilities
Definition or Family • Family is who they say they are • Biological • Legal • Emotional • Two or more persons • Nuclear, alternative, adoptive, foster, and group
Growth and Development • Growth vs Development • Freud • Erickson • Paiget • Kohlberg- moral (won’t focus on)
Communication • Techniques • Verbal • Nonverbal • Purpose??
Infant • Toddlers • Preschoolers • School age • Adolescent
Emotional Factors • Separation anxiety • Stranger anxiety • Tantrums • Depression • Self image • Insecurity
Safety/Accident Prevention • Environmental • Equipment • Medication • Anticipatory guidance • Risk factors
Pain Management • Nonpharmacologic • Pharmacologic • Non-opioid • Opioid
Anatomic Differences • Respiratory • Small, short, narrow airways • Obligatory nosebreathers
Skin • Larger body surface area • Increase fluid loss • Problems with temp regulation
Cardiac • Increased heart rate • Congenital anomalies • Decreased blood pressure • Increased oxygen demand • Increased metabolic demand
Renal • Kidneys less able to concentrate urine • Increased specific gravity • Small changes=big consequences • Differing lab values by age group • Small bladder capacity • Prevent UTI • 1-2mL/kg/hr
GI • Feces changes based on diet and age • Dietary inclusions • Allergies • Congenital disorders
Neuro • Primitive reflexes • Replaced slowly with gross and fine motor movement
Hematology • Rapid heart rate and higher hematocrit increase oxygen delivery • Lab results vary by age group
Immune • Need acquired immunity in infancy • Immunizations • Immature immune system
Musculoskeletal • Spurts and lulls • Mastery of motor skills is influenced by environment and stimulation • Highly individualized
Endocrine • Inability to regulate blood glucose levels for first few years