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Victory and Defeat in the Greek World

Victory and Defeat in the Greek World. Objectives. To discuss the results of the Persian and Peloponnesian wars Discuss why Athens enjoyed a golden age under Pericles Identify what led to the outbreak of the Peloponnesian wars. Introduction.

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Victory and Defeat in the Greek World

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  1. Victory and Defeat in the Greek World

  2. Objectives • To discuss the results of the Persian and Peloponnesian wars • Discuss why Athens enjoyed a golden age under Pericles • Identify what led to the outbreak of the Peloponnesian wars

  3. Introduction • 492 B.C. King Darius of Persia wanted gifts of “earth and water” from the Greek City-States • Many agreed; Athens and Sparta did not

  4. The Persian Wars • 500 B.C. Athens was the wealthiest city-state • Went to war with Persia in 499 B.C. • Athens assisted Ionian Greeks • Greeks were crushed by Persia • Emperor Darius sent troops to Athens • Warriors were surprised by Athenian assault-no horsemen or archers

  5. Sent Pheidippides to Athens (26.2 miles) to inform them that they won • He died • Themistocles (Athen’s leader) build a defense • Xerxes (Darius’ son) sent much larger force to Greece • Athens had convinced Sparta and other city-state to join in

  6. Persians burnt Athens to the ground • Athenians defeated the Persians • Felt that they were unique-most powerful city/state in Greece • Start of the Golden Age-460 BC to 429 BC (AKA “The Age of Pericles”)

  7. Pericles rebuilt Acropolis and Athens • Turned Athens into a cultural center • Greek world actually split into two camps • 1-Delian League (Athens)-remained democratic • 2-Peloponnesian League (Sparta)-oligarchy

  8. Peloponnesian War • 27 years • Two camps against each other • Greek against Greek • Athens was attacked by Sea • Sparta was inland • Plague wiped out 1/3 of Athenian population including Pericles

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