Warm Up

1. Warm Up • What happens when someone messes with one member of a clique? • Does a clique compete with other cliques to have stronger forces? • Does the clique have a “turf” or area that it claims as it own? • How do members of cliques recognize each other?

2. World War I The Great War

4. AIM’N for World War Causes of World War I

5. AIM’N for World War A • Alliances: • agreements between countries to support each other • Nervous countries did not want to be left alone incase of war. How can alliances start a war?

6. AIM’N for World War I 2. Imperialism: • powerful countries taking control of weaker countries/regions • Nations were arguing over territory in Africa. How can imperialism start a war?

7. AIM’N for World War M • Militarism: • building up strong armed forces to be bigger than the other guy • Nations established huge armies to protect themselves. How can militarism start a war?

8. AIM’N for World War N • Nationalism: • pride one has for his own country • became extreme and possessed some leaders How can nationalism start a war?

10. How it all started… • Franz Ferdinand (the next king of Austria-Hungary) and his wife were assassinated. • A man from the country Serbia, claimed responsibility. • Therefore, Serbia was blamed. • Austria-Hungary attacked Serbia.

11. AIM’N for World War Russia. G.B. Germany. Austria-Hungary. France. Serbia.

12. Triple Alliance (“Central Powers) v. Triple Entente (Allied Powers) • (or Central Powers) (Or Allied Powers) • Germany England • Austria-Hungary France • Italy (later change sides) Russia (drops out in 1917) • Ottoman Empire United States

13. WWI Because it was the biggest war between countries since the U.S was founded, WWI was called The Great War until WWII.

14. WW I • Beginning in 1914, war broke out in Europe.

15. I am President Woodrow Wilson Here are some other interesting facts about me that you don’t have to write down. I was raised in Augusta, GA during the Civil War. I wanted to keep the U.S. neutral!! I practiced law in Atlanta. My wife and I married at Independent Presbyterian Church in Savannah.

16. WW I • Germany used submarines called u-boats to sink British ships • The Lusitania was a British ship that was carrying American passengers. It was sunk. • 130 Americans were killed.

17. The U.S. Remained Neutral.

19. Zimmerman Telegram -Germany sent Mexico an encrypted telegram that the U.S. intercepted and decoded. Germany asked Mexico to attack the U.S. Germany’s Promise to Mexico: Land Mexico lost to the U.S. (parts of southwestern U.S.)

20. Sending the Doughboys “Over There” • Once President Wilson decided that the U.S. had been forced into the war in 1917, the country geared up quickly. “Doughboys”, or soldiers, were quickly trained, new weapons were invented, and the Triple Entente was strengthened immensely. At this same time, Russia overthrew their tsar and Lenin’s Bolsheviks led a Communist revolution. Once in power, he quickly pulled the newly named U.S.S.R. (United Soviet Socialist Republic) out of the war.

21. General Pershing & Sgt. York • Two American heroes of the war were General John Pershing and Sgt. Alvin York. These two men gave new hope to America that the “war to end all wars” could be ended soon.

22. Armistice: 11/11/18 @ 11:00 a.m. (Paris)

23. Woodrow Wilson’s 14 Points • 1. No more secret agreements ("Open covenants openly arrived at"). • 2. Free navigation of all seas. • 3. An end to all economic barriers between countries. • 4. Countries to reduce weapon numbers. • 5. All decisions regarding the colonies should be impartial • 6. The German Army is to be removed from Russia. Russia should be left to develop    her own political set-up. • 7. Belgium should be independent like before the war. • 8. France should be fully liberated and allowed to recover Alsace-Lorraine • 9. All Italians are to be allowed to live in Italy. Italy's borders are to be"along    clearly recognizable lines of nationality." • 10. Self-determination should be allowed for all those living in Austria-Hungary. • 11. Self-determination and guarantees of independence should be allowed for       the Balkan states. • 12. The Turkish people should be governed by the Turkish government. Non-Turks in       the old Turkish Empire should govern themselves. • 13. An independent Poland should be created which should have access to the sea. • 14. A League of Nations should be set up to guarantee the political and territorial        independence of all states.

24. League of Nations • President Wilson called for an international organization for peace. It would be a place where countries could bring disputes for an answer; this might help prevent a war. Almost every nation loved the idea- the main one against it was the United States. Why would this be ironic?

25. Wilson Travels the Country to Gain support for the League of Nations • Wilson tried to talk the American people (and Congress) to join this organization. But many Americans wanted to trust in “isolationism” again. If another world war began, then the U.S. would stay out of it. Wilson’s was devastated by the results.

26. Germany: An Angry Loser • Many Germans felt that their leaders had given up too soon in “The Great War.” Many wanted to avenge the loss, especially after harsh surrender conditions set up the country for a depression. One party, the Nazi party, led the thoughts of a return to greatness. One of their leaders was a young man who had been a corporal in the war: Adolf Hitler.

27. The War to End All Wars