1. www.internet2.edu

2. Internet2: an Overview Ana Preston Program Manager, International Relations Apreston@internet2.edu

3. Outline • Background: why and who? • Focus areas and activities: what? • International partnerships: how? • Your questions……..

4. Internet2 Mission and Goals • Develop and deploy advanced network applications and technologies, accelerating the creation of tomorrow’s Internet. • Enable new generation of applications • Create leading edge R&E network capability • Transfer technology and experience to the global production Internet

5. Internet2 Members +200 universities (yellow dots)

6. Additional Membership • Over 70 Internet2 Corporate Members • Over 40 Affiliate Members • Government Research Agencies • Internet2/U.S. Government: • separate but interdependent • Internet2 is led by higher education • Focused on research and education needs

7. Why University Leadership? • The Internet came from the academic community • Stanford -- the Internet protocols • NSFNet -- the scaled-up Internet • CERN -- the WWW protocols • University of Illinois -- the Web browser • Universities’ research and education mission require an advanced Internet and have demonstrated they can develop it

8. Internet2 Partnerships • Internet2 universities are recreating the partnerships that fostered the Internet in its infancy • Industry • Government • International

9. Internet2 Goals • Enable new generation of applications • Re-create leading edge R&E network capability • Transfer technology and experience to the global production Internet

10. How Internet2 works • Universities commit: • Engineering lead: connect university to rest of Internet2 community, deploy new technologies • Applications lead: support apps development on campus • Working groups: • Of expert/interested individuals within community • Chaired by volunteer (sometimes by staff) • Staff support • Projects: Abilene • Internet2 Staff • Focus Areas

11. Internet2 Focus Areas • Advanced Applications • Middleware • Engineering • Advanced Network Infrastructure • Partnerships

12. Success of the Internet Millions of People Source:Nua Internet Surveys

13. History • ARPAnet origins • 1987 -- NSFnet • Privatization in 1995 • 1996 • Telecomm Act • The WWW explodes • Federal Next Generation Internet Initiative • NSF provides grant funding to universities for network infrastructure • Internet2 founded • 1999 • Abilene in production

14. Today’s Internet Doesn’t • Provide reliable end-to-end performance • Encourage cooperation on new capabilities • Allow testing of new technologies • Support development of revolutionary applications

15. Internet2 Applications • What are “Internet2 applications”? • They deliver qualitative and quantitative improvements in how we conduct research and engage in teaching and learning • They require advanced networks to work

16. Sciences Arts Humanities Health care Business/Law Administration … Library Classroom Clinic Office Laboratory Dorm room … Different Disciplines/Contexts

17. Advanced Application Attributes • Interactive collaboration & instruction • Real-time access to remote resources • Large-scale, multi-site computation • Distributed data storage and data mining • Shared virtual reality • Dynamic data visualization • Any combination of the above

18. Digital Video Applications • Up to broadcast quality videoconferencing • Both live distribution and on-demand access to a variety of content • HDTV-based digital cinema, network-based studio production, …

19. Teaching Music with Advanced Network Videoconferencing • Real-time interaction with the world’s foremost master teachers of music • Accurate representation of sound • Supplement to traditional music teaching University of Oklahoma http://music.ou.edu/internet2/

20. Video Futures • Tele-immersive “Office of the Future” Source: University of North Carolina

21. Telepresence environment • Real-time interactions with very high quality audio and MPEG-2 video • as needed “meetings” connecting faculty and staff across the ocean • via DFN  GEANT (2 2.5 Gigabit per second to Abilene)

22. Access Grid www.accessgrid.org Source: Argonne National Laboratory

23. Remote Scanning Electron Microscope The University of Michigan

24. Philips XL30

26. The Grid Instruments Libraries Workstations People Data sets

27. What is the Grid? • Global resources available to communities of researchers • The protocols, services, and applications that enable new forms of collaboration

28. Petabyte scale environment for data-intensive applications (Large Hadron Collider, Sloan Digital Sky Survey, Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory) www.griphyn.org Example: Grid Physics Network - GryPhyN

29. Internet2 Discipline & Community Activities

30. Approach Broad Outreach Internet2 Days, web site, application flyers Health Sciences Arts & Humanities NEES, Physics, Astronomy Applications Community Applications Community Applications Community Applications Community Applications Community Applications Community Applications Community Applications Community

31. Health Sciences Veterinary Medicine Arts & Humanities Non-traditional Theses Arts Performance High Energy and Nuclear Physics Geospatial Information Systems … Voice over IP Digital Video Videoconferencing ResearchChannel Network Storage … Applications Working Groups

32. Support of Community through Knowledge Sharing • Internet2 acts as a clearinghouse to help distribute information • Technical meetings • Virtual presentations • Development of demonstrations and tools • Cooperate on standards to maintain global interoperability • Technical Support • Software tools (monitoring, diagnostic) • Loaner hardware (Vbrick, Cakebox, Access Grid) • Access to expertise (working groups)

33. Other Resources • Distributed Applications Support Team • dast.nlanr.net • Internet2 End-to-End Performance Initiative

34. End-to-End Performance Initiative • To enable the researchers, faculty, students and staff who use high performance networks to obtain optimal performance from the current infrastructure on a consistent basis. Raw Connectivity Applications Performance

35. True End-to-End Performance requires a system approach • User perception • Application • Operating system • Host IP stack • Host network card • Local Area Network • Campus backbone network • Campus link to regional network/GigaPoP • GigaPoP link to Internet2 national backbones • Internationalconnections EYEBALL APPLICATION STACK JACK NETWORK . . . . . . . . . . . .

36. Internet2 Focus Areas • Advanced Applications • Middleware • Engineering • Advanced Network Infrastructure • Partnerships

37. Middleware } Applications • Authentication, Identification, Authorization, Directories, Security Advanced Network Services (Distributed Network Middleware) Advanced Physical Network Infrastructure

38. Internet2 Middleware Initiative • Focus on core middleware as infrastructure • Interoperability • 190 universities will never buy the same software • Getting stuff implemented • Best practices • Integrate across applications • Discourage ‘islands’ of middleware infrastructure • E.g. core middleware just for this particular grid project • Enable community to share resources • Grid, remote instruments, shared classes

39. I2MI core middleware activities • Identifiers • Early Adopters - survey/docs about how campuses are assigning and relating identifiers • Authentication • WebISO (Web Initial Sign-on): share expertise, code • Directories • DoDHE: Dir. of Directories for HE: inter-institutional directory searching, using eduPerson and LDAP Recipe • eduPerson: an LDAP object class that includes widely-used person attributes in higher education • LDAP Recipe: promote common design • Authorization • Certificates and PKI • Internet2 PKI Labs

40. Internet2 Focus Areas • Advanced Applications • Middleware • Engineering • Advanced Network Infrastructure • Partnerships

41. Engineering • Scalable IP Multicast • http://www.internet2.edu/multicast/ • IPv6 • Quality of Service • End to end at IP layer • Network Security • Measurement • End to End Performance

42. Internet2 Focus Areas • Advanced Applications • Middleware • Engineering • Advanced Network Infrastructure • Partnerships

43. Internet2 Backbone Networks • vBNS – NSF project in cooperative agreement with MCI (now Worldcom) • Funding ended April 2001 • Program extended to April 2003, but no NSF funding • Abilene – UCAID project with support of Qwest, Cisco, Nortel, Indiana University • Renewed Qwest support through 2006

44. Internet2 Backbone Networks Donna Cox,Robert Patterson, NCSA

45. Abilene background & milestones • Abilene is a UCAID project in partnership with • Qwest Communications (SONET & DWDM service) • Cisco Systems (routers, switches & access) • Juniper Networks (routers) • Nortel Networks (SONET kit) • Indiana University (network operations) • ITECs in North Carolina and Ohio (test and evaluation) • Timeline • Apr 1998: Project announced at White House • Jan 1999: Production status for network • Oct 1999: IP version of HDTV (215 Mbps) over Abilene • Nov 2001: Raw HDTV/IP (1.5 Gbps) over Abilene

46. Abilene – April, 2002 • IP-over-SONET backbone (OC-48c, 2.5 Gbps) 53 direct connections • 4 OC-48c connections • 1 Gigabit Ethernet trial • 23 will connect via at least OC-12c (622 Mbps) by 1Q02 • Number of ATM connections decreasing • 211 participants – research universities & labs • All 50 states, District of Columbia, & Puerto Rico • 15 regional GigaPoPs support ~70% of participants • Expanded access • 46 sponsored participants • 21 state education networks (SEGPs)

47. University A Internet2 Backbone Networks GigaPoP One Regional Network Commercial Internet Connections University C University B Network Architecture

48. Internet2 Backbones(2.4 Gbps) Typical Internet2 University Network Connection University Campus University Campus 155 Mbps – 2.4 Gbps Department 155 Mbps – 2.4 Gbps 100 Mbps Regional Network622 Mbps-2.4 Gbps Lab or Classroom 155 Mbps – 2.4 Gbps University Campus

49. Internet2 GigaPoPs