1 / 36

Minerals & Rock Unit Notes 7 th Grade Science

Learn about the three types of rocks (sedimentary, metamorphic, igneous) and the processes that form them. Discover how rocks can change between these types through the rock cycle.

frederickp
Télécharger la présentation

Minerals & Rock Unit Notes 7 th Grade Science

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Minerals & Rock Unit Notes7th Grade Science

  2. Rocks Are divided into 3 groups based on how they were formed Sedimentary Metamorphic Igneous Are made of one or more minerals

  3. Do not stay the same • Continually changed by processes such as Weathering, Erosion • Compaction, Cementation, Melting, and Cooling.

  4. Rocks can change to and from the 3 types The Rock Cycle Earth materials change back and forth among the different types of rocks.

  5. Igneous (Granite #11) Melting, Solidification Weathering, Erosion, Deposition Compaction, Cementation Recrystallization Melting, Solidification Recrystallization Metamorphic (Gneiss #14) Sedimentary (Sandstone #6) Weathering, Erosion, Deposition, Compaction, Cementation

  6. Processes that form Sedimentary Rock Weathering: the breaking down of the Earth’s material by natural processes (Water, Wind, Ice, Chemicals, etc.) into smaller pieces or sediments Erosion: weathered rock and soil particles are moved from place to place Deposition: weathered sediments are laid down in a new location creating new landforms or rocks Compaction: heavy sediments press down on the layers beneath Cementation: dissolved minerals flow between the sediments and cement them together

  7. Processes that form Igneous & Metamorphic Rock Melting: caused by heat and pressure around the rock to form magma Solidification: magma cools and hardens Recrystallization: while cooling, rock can develop crystals, depending on conditions

  8. Complete the following: • Turn in your Rock Cycle Directed Reading & Earthquake/Volcano Test Corrections • Get the 2 Directed Readings from the table • Have something to write with • Clear off your table

  9. Complete the following: • Turn in your Rock Cycle Directed Reading, Comic Strip & Earthquake/Volcano Test Corrections • Get the Igneous Rock Directed Reading from the table • Get out your Minerals & Rocks Notes • Have something to write with • Clear off your table

  10. Igneous • Igneous is Latin for “born of fire” • Formed from cooling magma or lava

  11. Forms when magma cools and solidifies • Some reaches the surface of earth before cooling, other cools under the surface

  12. Intrusive (Example: Granite) • Form below ground from magma • Usually has coarse crystals (grains) from cooling slowly • Some have large and small crystals • Form above ground from lava • Usually have small or no crystals from cooling quickly Extrusive (Examples: Pumice & Obsidian)

  13. Into the Bedrock On top (Exit) intrusive extrusive (crystals) (no crystals)

  14. Bedrock Magma!

  15. Complete the following: • Get out your Minerals & Rocks Notes • Get the Paper from the table • Have a Textbook • Have something to write with

  16. Igneous!

  17. But then the EARTH’S elements Will not leave the ROCK alone!

  18. Ice • Wind • Water ice wind water

  19. They break up the stone

  20. Deposit & Compress the Sediments One way Sedimentary Rock can be formed That ROCK changed again!

  21. Sedimentary Rock • Formed from sediments (rock fragments, mineral grains, animal and plant remains) that are pressed or cemented together or when sediments precipitates out of a solution. • Sediments are moved by wind, water, ice, or gravity.

  22. Water or wind breaks down (Weathering), moves (Erosion), and deposits sediment (Deposition) • The heavy sediments press down on the layers beneath (Compaction) • Dissolved minerals flow between the sediments and cement them together (Cementation)

  23. Sedimentary Rocks & Fossils • Deposited sedimentary rocks form horizontal layers called STRATA. • Process of arranging sedimentary rocks into layers is STRATIFICATION • Scientist know that the layers and fossils on top are YOUNGER than the fossils in lower layers •  Law of Superposition

  24. Types of Sedimentary Rocks • Clastic: made of broken pieces of other rocks. • Organic: remains of once living plants and animals are deposited in thick layers called fossils • Chemical: minerals dissolved in lakes, seas, or underground water • Limestone made when calcite precipitates from sea water • Rock salt made from evaporation of sea waters

  25. The Rock Cycle Igneous Metamorphic ? Sedimentary

  26. The Rock Cycle Igneous Metamorphic kinda melted squished Sedimentary

  27. Bands (can) Form Metamorphic means “changed” Metamorphic!

  28. Metamorphic Rocks • Rocks changed due to intense heat and high pressure • “Meta-” means “changed” and “-morphosis” means “shape” in Greek • Igneous, Sedimentary and other Metamorphic rocks can change to become Metamorphic rocks

  29. Pressure from overlying rock layers • High heat, but not enough to melt the rock • Rocks may be flattened or bent or atoms may be exchanged to form new materials. • Think of metamorphic rocks as a squished peanut butter and jelly sandwich in your lunch. How Metamorphic Rocks Change m

  30. Types of Metamorphic RockFoliated • Has visible parallel layers or bands you can see • Example: Gneiss formed from rearrangement of minerals in Granite into bands • Not layered & no bands are formed • Example: Marble formed from Limestone Non-Foliated

  31. The Rock Cycle Igneous metamorphic Sedimentary

  32. The Rock Cycle

  33. always changing…

  34. Youngest Rocks Here ! Volcano Roots here! Oldest Rocks Here !

More Related