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Selecting Appropriate nozzles

Cecil Tharp MSU Pesticide Education Program Pesticide Education Specialist Department of Animal and Range Montana State University. Selecting Appropriate nozzles. Nozzles Vary According to Application?. Step 1. Select appropriate type of nozzle Step 2. Determine sprayer speed

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Selecting Appropriate nozzles

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  1. Cecil Tharp MSU Pesticide Education Program Pesticide Education Specialist Department of Animal and Range Montana State University Selecting Appropriate nozzles

  2. Nozzles Vary According to Application?

  3. Step 1. Select appropriate type of nozzle Step 2. Determine sprayer speed Step 3. Determine output (GPA) and droplet size from label. Step 4. Select appropriate type and sized nozzle to deliver desired GPA from available charts or use the 5940 equation. Follow some simple steps when selecting nozzles

  4. Solid Stream Nozzles • Handgun sprayers (livestock, tree pests, crevice treatment) • Cone Nozzles • Complete penetration desired • Spot sprays and some fungicides • Cluster nozzles or broadjets • used either without a boom or at the end of booms • Used in rough terrain. • Sprays a wide swath with only a few nozzles (from 5 – 80’). Step 1. Selecting type of nozzle

  5. Flood nozzles are often used for applying liquid fertilizers or fertilizer-pesticide mixtures or for directing herbicide sprays up under plant canopies. 15 – 25 psi Flat Fan Nozzles are often used for broadcast applications for herbicide, insecticide and fungicide applications. Narrow oval spray pattern. Most common. Can vary from 15 – 100 psi depending on type of flat fan. Selecting type of Nozzle

  6. Flat Fan Nozzles • Pre 80’s Standard nozzles: 30 – 60 PSI • 1980’sExtended range nozzles: 15 – 60 PSI • Extended Range Nozzles (1980’s) • Extended Range (XR ) • 1st two – three numbers: Spray angles • 65, 73, 80, and 110 • Last two numbers: NOZZLE FLOW RATE • 0.5 GPM = Nozzle labeled with 05. • What does this mean: XR8001SS? 1st generation flat fan Nozzles • XR8001SS • XR = Extended Range • 80 degree spray pattern • 0.1 gallons per minute • Stainless steel

  7. Ex. XR8001SS 1st 2 letters are the acronym for type of nozzle (Extended Range Flat Fan) Last 2 numbers are always GPM = .1 GPM Numbers remaining determine the width of your spray from each nozzle: 80 degrees / determines height of your sprayer Last 2 letters are always material. = Stainless Steel Nozzle Description

  8. Selecting type of Nozzle Nozzle Material Nozzle Life Brass (B) Poor Nylon Fair Stainless Steel (S) Good Plastic Good Hardened Stainless Steel Excellent

  9. Nozzle Material Nozzle Life Brass (B) Poor (inexpensive) Nylon Fair Stainless Steel (S) Good Plastic Fair (breaks down to solvents) Hardened Stainless Steel Excellent Selecting the right Nozzles (what material)

  10. Surveys indicate 71% of MT certified private applicators have sprayed when they knew it was too windy. Surveys indicate 33% of MT certified private applicators caused spray drift damage to adjacent crops. What are some concerns regarding conventional nozzles

  11. Turbo Teejet Nozzle (TT): Flat Fan type/15 – 90 psi • Pressure reducing turbulence chamber. • Reduce spray drift by 50% compared to XR • Hypro Guardian Nozzle: Flood type/15 – 115psi • Pressure reducing turbulence chamber. • Excellent choice for rate controllers (var. pressure) • Medium to coarse droplets • Reduce spray drift by 50% compared to XR Low Drift Technologies: early 1990’s

  12. Flat fan nozzle • Internal orifice that regulates flow. • Air is mixed with spray solution • Larger droplets • Droplets shatter on impact increasing coverage • Venturi Design I: mid 90’s • High Pressure AI models (40 – 110 psi) • Venturi Design II: 2000 – 2005 • Low Pressure AI models (20 – 70 psi) venturi air induction nozzles: AI

  13. Nozzles-Recommended Use 20-25 PSI flat spray chamber 30-40 PSI 40 PSI IN BETWEEN VENTURI air induced/venturi 50-80 PSI

  14. Figure obtained from Dr. Bob Wolf (KSU).

  15. Studies and Figure by Dr. Bob Wolf, Kansas State University. Research conducted by Dr. Bob Wolf (Kansas State University)

  16. XR • Chamber Designs: ex. • Turbo Teejet • AI nozzle DEMONSTRATION http://web.extension.illinois.edu/psep/videos/

  17. Make a test strip to verify MPH Distance (feet) x 60 Time (seconds) x 88 It takes 1 minute to travel 88 feet 88’ x 60 / 60 seconds x 88 = 1MPH How many mph does that equal? Step 2. Verify your field speed 1 MPH

  18. Step 3 and 4. Determine flow rate of nozzle • Your product label often describes the proper GPA (gallons per acre) for your sprayer. • example. 20 GPA is recommended • Plug in desired field speed. • Use the 5940 METHOD to find nozzle size

  19. Selecting the Appropriate Sized Nozzle • GPM = GPA * W * MPH / 5940 • Let’s say you need to spray 20 GPA, you have 30” spaced nozzles, and you will drive 5 mph. • GPM = 20 GPA * 30” * 5mph / 5940 • 0.505 or 0.5 GPM nozzles needed Purchase nozzles rated at 0.5 GPM!

  20. Check your pesticide product label or use droplet size according to general guidelines. What is your desired droplet size?

  21. Cross reference recommendation to ASABE color category

  22. If we are driving 5mph and a desired GPA is 10. You wish to deliver medium droplets Some Charts allow users to skip the 5940 equation

  23. You have an applicator who wishes to apply a contact insecticide to manage grasshoppers. The product label requires fine droplets at 20 GPA. He will be traveling at 5 mph. # 1 What nozzle would you recommend? Story problems: Use nozzle handouts 1-4 Extended Range Nozzle: XR11003 at 50 psi #2 If the label required coarse droplets and you had a sensitive crop nearby. What nozzle would you recommend? Extended Range Nozzle: XR8005 at 20psi Turbo Teejet Nozzle: TT11004 at 30psi *Air Induction Teejet: AI11025 at 80psi

  24. An applicator who wishes to control noxious weeds is using a pesticide labeled for extremely coarse droplets at an output of 40 gallons per acre. He is flexible with field speed. #3 What nozzle and mesh screen would you recommend and at what speed and pressure? Story problems -- continued Air Induction Teejet: AI11006 at 30PSI and 4 mph (50 mesh)? Air Induction Teejet: AI11008 at 40PSI and 6 mph (50 mesh) Turbo Teejet: TT11008 between 4 and 5 mph at 20 psi (50 mesh)

  25. An applicator is using air induction nozzles and is complaining about the efficacy of the product he is using. He is using AI11004 at 40 psi to achieve an output of 30 GPA. #1 What would you recommend? Story problems #1 Applicator could raise his spray pressure. 60PSI at 5 mph or 90PSI at 6 mph #2 Applicator could change to a variety of different nozzles example: Turbo Tee-Jet or XR nozzles. #3 Possibly add spray adjuvant for better coverage

  26. Questions?

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