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Wave Particle Duality & the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle

Wave Particle Duality & the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle. By: Nick Day, Edward Moore, Sarah Russell. Wave particle duality (WPD). “Both matter and electromagnetic radiation exhibit some properties of waves and some properties of particles.” (McGraw-Hill)

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Wave Particle Duality & the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle

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  1. Wave Particle Duality & the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle By: Nick Day, Edward Moore, Sarah Russell

  2. Wave particle duality (WPD) • “Both matter and electromagnetic radiation exhibit some properties of waves and some properties of particles.” (McGraw-Hill) • Matter sometimes acts like a wave, sometimes like a particle, depending on the experiment. • Early development of quantum theory

  3. http://woodahl.physics.iupui.edu/Astro105/OLDindex.html

  4. Matter has dual nature = duality • Experiments show light seems to go only in a straight line: particle nature. Experiments show that light has frequency and wavelength: wave nature. • 1909, Geoffrey Taylor: “double-slit experiment” – light is a wave. Special camera tool photos of the light exiting he experiment – tiny pinpoints of light, light is a particle.

  5. Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle (HUP) • “The position and momentum of a particle cannot simultaneously measured with arbitrarily high position.” (Hyperphysics) • Particle’s momentum & position cannot both be known at the same time. • Result of wave particle duality

  6. photon A particle can be seen only by scattering light off it. The scattering changes the electron momentum.

  7. http://www.google.ca/imgres?q=heisenberg+uncertainty+principle&hl=en&biw=1326&bih=586&gbv=2&tbm=isch&tbnid=zUOmu4klq9tIBM:&imgrefurl=http://www.physicsoftheuniverse.com/topics_quantum_uncertainty.html&docid=xuIbjvw0aiRKfM&imgurl=http://www.physicsoftheuniverse.com/images/quantum_microscope.jpg&w=372&h=591&ei=GsCdT934DOLD0QGD3KCTDw&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=170&vpy=186&dur=8313&hovh=283&hovw=178&tx=119&ty=243&sig=108975557308224056383&page=2&tbnh=128&tbnw=81&start=21&ndsp=29&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:21,i:116http://www.google.ca/imgres?q=heisenberg+uncertainty+principle&hl=en&biw=1326&bih=586&gbv=2&tbm=isch&tbnid=zUOmu4klq9tIBM:&imgrefurl=http://www.physicsoftheuniverse.com/topics_quantum_uncertainty.html&docid=xuIbjvw0aiRKfM&imgurl=http://www.physicsoftheuniverse.com/images/quantum_microscope.jpg&w=372&h=591&ei=GsCdT934DOLD0QGD3KCTDw&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=170&vpy=186&dur=8313&hovh=283&hovw=178&tx=119&ty=243&sig=108975557308224056383&page=2&tbnh=128&tbnw=81&start=21&ndsp=29&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:21,i:116

  8. If particle momentum is measured, position will be changed. • Bonus: If energy of the particle is known, we cannot know length of time it has that energy (vise versa). • Example: http://science.howstuffworks.com/innovation/science-questions/quantum-suicide2.htm

  9. Star Trek Transporter Beams: Take a person apart molecule by molecule, kept organized, reassembled elsewhere. HUP: impossible to identify individual particles and keep track of them. http://www.coolest-gadgets.com/20070607/beam-me-up-scotty-scientists-make-breakthrough-with-trek-transporter-theory/ http://realityviews.blogspot.ca/2011/04/quantum-teleportation-successful.html

  10. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H-AlfuvjPYM

  11. Homework 1. The HUP states that a particle's _______ and ______ cannot both be known at the same time. 2. A particle can be seen only by scattering light off of it. The scattering: a) changes the size of the particle b) changes the mass of the particle c) changes the momentum of the particle d) all of the above3. What is wave particle duality?4. Define the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle. 5. T/F? Only matter can have wave-like characteristics and particle-like characteristics.

  12. Corrections • 1. position and momentum2. c) changes the momentum of the particle3. Matter sometimes acts like a wave, sometimes like a particle, depending on the experiment.4. A particle’s momentum & position cannot both be known at the same time.5. False, matter and electromagnetic radiation can have wave-like characteristics and particle-like characteristics.

  13. Sources • http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave-particle_duality • http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/uncer.html • http://www.aip.org/history/heisenberg/p08.htm • McGraw-Hill textbook • Physics Principles and Problems textbook • Physics Concepts and Connections textbook

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