1 / 20

Unlocking Commodity Wealth for Sustainable Development

Explore the impact of global commodities trade on industrialization, the curse or gift of minerals, and the importance of linkages in the sector. Discover how core competencies, value-added linkages, and mining technologies can drive economic growth and innovation. Dive into case studies from South Africa and Ghana to understand the dynamics of commodity sectors and the potential for development. Join the dialogue on policy frameworks and initiatives shaping the future of commodity-driven economies.

freya-gaines
Télécharger la présentation

Unlocking Commodity Wealth for Sustainable Development

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Making the Most of Commodities: From Theory to Practice Raphael Kaplinsky Development Policy and Practice, The Open University and CSSR, University of Cape Town

  2. Commodities-Manufactures Terms of Trade

  3. China’s demand for agricultural commodities • 20% world population, 7% arable land • Biofuels • Industrial inputs • 22% global rubber consumption (2006) • Imports 27mt cotton vs 7mt domestic production(2008) • Pork, other meat and animal feeds • Switch domestically from grains to fruit and vegetables

  4. World Manufacturing Export Price, 1986-2000 IMF, World Economic Outlook Database

  5. Commodities-Manufactures Terms of Trade

  6. Curse or Gift? • Minerals and metals are capital intensive • Little employment • Income distribution • Minerals and metals provide point revenues which can be stolen • Commodities through the Dutch Disease, undermines manufacturing • But this has not always been the case • SO HOW CAN THE COMMODITIES BOOM BE A SPUR TO INDUSTRIALISATION? • THE KEY LIES IN LINKAGES

  7. Global outsourcing • Core competences • Has value in market • Unique to firm • Difficult to copy • Everything else outsourced

  8. The increasing globalisation of VCs Services Services Design Production Marketing Competitive pressures

  9. Value added Linkages in the commodities sector Inside core Competences - win-lose Outside Mining Company core competences - win-win Time

  10. Mining Technology Patents Source: EPO, USPTO Databases

  11. Mining Technologies – South Africa’s cluster of patenting excellence • The portfolio of patents held by South African enterprises is not especially large… • But it is distinctive in terms of quality • And the measured relative quality of South African patents stands up to quite rigorous tests • Not statistically better than American or Canadian mining patents… • But statistically equal in quality to Australian patents

  12. Linkages in Ghana Gold Sector • Chamber of Mines • 10 production companies • 45 mine support service companies • 1 exploration company (out of an estimated 15-20) • Business/Industrial Directories: • 250-300 companies • Spatial: • Majority of companies are located in Greater Accra Tarkwa, Obuasi - direct operational support • Sekondi-Takoradi

  13. Types of linkages • Inputs to gold mining • capital goods • consumables • services • Tier 1 direct suppliers and Tier 2 indirect suppliers • Business and producer services: 10 to 15 years of significant investment • finance, insurance, real estate/property, legal, logistics, laboratory and other technical services

  14. Extent and Nature of Linkages

  15. Speeding up and deepening Value added Linkages in the commodities sector Inside core Competences - win-lose Speeding up Outside Mining Company core competences - win-win Time

  16. What determines the shape of the linkage curve? • Sector specific factors • Ownership • Infrastructure • Skills spillovers • Links to National System of Innovation • Role of regional capabilities • POLICY

  17. MMCP Programme • Joint University of Cape Town and Open University • IDRC-funded • Began Jan 2009, ends March 2011 • Underdeveloped policy dialogue

  18. MMCP Sectors • Mining services in South Africa • Diamond polishing and cutting in Botswana • Offshore umbilicals maintenance in Angola (oil) • Copper in Zambia • Gold in Tanzania • Gold in Ghana • Timber in Gabon • Services to Oil in Nigeria • Central development corridor in East Africa • Chinese companies in infrastructure

  19. Why am I here…? • Exchange of information • UNCTAD and policy dialogues • UNCTAD and training programmes

More Related