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History of Legal Education. 1930-1950. Legal Realism. The New Deal brings legal scholars and lawyers into government service as drafters of legislation and to staff new agencies.
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History of Legal Education 1930-1950
Legal Realism • The New Deal brings legal scholars and lawyers into government service as drafters of legislation and to staff new agencies. • Realists claim the reasons judges gave for making decisions were not the real reasons, thereby rejecting the Langdell model in favor of teaching law as a social product which serves social interests. • Loose ground during WWII as many found the social approach undercut the rule of law needed to fight communism. • Although the movement did not defeat the Langdell case approach, many schools adopt interdisciplinary courses.
Bar Standards 1930’s Concerns For Profit Institutions Rising number of lawyers Part- Time Programs Creating standards of professionalism • National Conference of Bar Examiners (NCBE) • Continuing Education • Public Service Training
Bar Standards 1940’s • WWII - some states abandon bar exam and relax standards - struggle to maintain section standards during and after the war • Continuing Education - refresher courses come with the return of veterans - Council presents plans to reactivate continuing education program of 1930’s • National Bar Exam - encourage a standard level of proficiency nationally
Legal Institutions 1930’s Accreditation • Increased adoption of ABA standards • Required course debate • Accreditation Program James Grafton Rogers 1936 Chairman
Legal Institutions 1940’s Impact of WWII • Enrollment dramatically decreases during the war - schools close • Challenge to maintain standards - emergency committee • War’s End brings change - return of veterans - alternative credit options - School inspections
Students Composition During and After WWII • Women - WWII was the first time women in appreciable numbers were recognized. • Veterans - GI Bill enables veterans to attend college and law school becomes attainable.
LSAT • As early as 1944 schools were encouraged to utilize aptitude testing such as the Graduate Record Exam developed by the Carnegie Foundation. • Dissatisfaction with the preparation of incoming law students and the need for admissions offices for additional evaluation criteria. • 1948 LSAT put into use