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Understanding Viruses: Key Factors in Pandemics

Learn about viruses, bacteria, pandemics, and health insurance markets in relation to actuaries' roles. Explore the impact of diseases like A(H1N1) and legal concerns. Stay informed with valuable resources.

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Understanding Viruses: Key Factors in Pandemics

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  1. Whydiseases are importantforactuaries • One BIG marketforinsuranceishealthinsurance • Forpandemics, there are exclusionclauses • Foractuaries, itisimportanttoknowsome legal issues • Example: Riskunderwriters • http://www.mapfre.com/wdiccionario/terminos/vertermino.shtml?s/suscriptor.htm

  2. Virus • A virus is a small infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of other organisms. • Viruses can infect all types of life forms, from animals and plants to bacteria and archaea. • Bacteriumis a single cellorganism • Bubonic plague was a case of bad bacteria • Salmonella, Shigella, Yersinia, Vibrio cholerae, Campylobacter, and certain strains of E. coli.

  3. Comparativesizes

  4. Ebola

  5. Whysomeviruses spread • Ifitkillstooquickly, itdoesnot spread • Ifitis detectable, curable quickly, itdoesnot spread • Ifitisundetectable (no outwardsymptom), AND itdoesnotkillquickly, thenitis a problem • Example: Influenza, HIV/AIDS

  6. H1N1 Spread end of 2009

  7. H1N1 Spread June 2009

  8. A(H1N1) • http://icpr.itam.mx/AIDS/CondonSinhaMaskPaper.pdf • Read the article • http://www.flu.gov/planning-preparedness/community/community_mitigation.pdf • Read it if you are interested

  9. Pandemic of 2009 • A(H1N1) • What happened? • Mexico: Three waves • Americans: It was a Mexican disease! • Countries with high rates of infection • Mortality: Public Policy • http://icpr.itam.mx/AIDS/CondonSinhaMaskPaper.pdf • http://icpr.itam.mx/papers/Condon_Sinha_Florida_Journal_2010.pdf

  10. Various flu pandemics since 1900

  11. Paseo de la Reforma, 2 de Mayo del 2009

  12. US infection rates

  13. Pandemic of A(H1N1)09 Phase 3 23 April Phase 4 27 April Phase 5 29 April Phase 6 11 April

  14. The first wave

  15. 24,25,26,27,28,29,30, 1, 2, 3, 4 , 5, 6, 7

  16. Panic in Mexico City

  17. The second wave

  18. ¿What happened? • When the first wave went, Mexican authorities declared victory • ¡The measures worked! • The masks, the closure of schools, stadiums, washing hands…. • This story would have been credible if the other two waves had not come • But…¡There were two other waves!

  19. Made in USA

  20. NAFTA numbers

  21. World numbers

  22. The use of masks

  23. Use of masks

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