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Understanding Igneous Rocks and Volcanoes: A Comprehensive Course Overview

This course explores the fascinating world of igneous rocks and volcanoes, offering insights into their formation, composition, and classification. Learn about the differences between rocks and minerals, the three main types of igneous rocks, and the mineral distribution within the Earth's crust. We will also examine various volcanic environments, the characteristics of different volcano types, and notable volcanic formations like Crater Lake and Devil’s Tower. Join us as we delve into the geological processes that shape our planet.

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Understanding Igneous Rocks and Volcanoes: A Comprehensive Course Overview

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  1. And some rin uphill and down dale,Knapping the chucky stones to pieces wi’ hammers,Like saemonyroadmakers run daft –They say it is to see how the warld was made. - Sir Walter RaleighOf Igneous rocks and volcanoes Lecture 1 (Intro) Webpage for course (daytime) Webpage for course (nighttime)

  2. Difference between rocks and minerals

  3. Three types of rocks:

  4. Minerals in igneous rock Fig. 3.2 Minerals distributed randomly Crystals grow into one another

  5. Continental vs. oceanic crust

  6. Oceanic crust Olivine 30% Chain silicates 30% Plagioclase feldspars 40% Mineral composition of earth crust Continental crust Feldspar 58% Chain silicates 13% Quartz 11% Micas (incl. clays) 10% Calcite, Gypsum, Halite 3% Olivine 3% Misc. 2%

  7. Volcanic (extrusive) fine-grained Plutonic (intrusive) coarse-grained Types of Igneous environments

  8. Mineral compositionsContinental Intermediate Oceanic Volcanic Plutonic

  9. Three types of volcanoes due to mineral characteristics Continental Composite Oceanic

  10. Three types of volcanoes pyroclastic composite shield • < http://www.clas.ufl.edu/users/pciesiel/ • gly3150/mt_st_helens2.gif > • < http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/ • 06/Mauna_Kea_cinder_cone.jpg >

  11. History of a volcano obsidian Fig. 3.14b pumice Fig. 3.15a

  12. Eroded volcano – volcanic neck Example: Devil’s Tower, Wyoming http://www.destination360.com/north-america/us/wyoming/devils-tower-national-monument

  13. Volcanic crater - caldera Example: Crater Lake, Oregon http://www.dustydavis.com/longride/2004

  14. Where do composite volcanoes occur? “Ring of Fire” Fig. 4.33

  15. Unusual volcanoes - kimberlites http://volcano.oregonstate.edu/book/export/html/170&usg

  16. Unusual volcanoes - kimberlites Associated with hotspots

  17. Loper and McCartney hypothesis of dinosaur extinction http://www.astro.virginia.edu/class/oconnell/astr121/marsImages.html&usg

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