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VIGILOHM insulation monitoring devices

VIGILOHM insulation monitoring devices. by Patrick HENRY Business Development Manager Energy Management Solutions. Contents. Introduction – What is Vigilohm? Earthing arrangements Applications How does Vigilohm work? The Vigilohm offer Strong points Conclusion.

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VIGILOHM insulation monitoring devices

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  1. VIGILOHMinsulation monitoring devices by Patrick HENRY Business Development Manager Energy Management Solutions

  2. Contents • Introduction – What is Vigilohm? • Earthing arrangements • Applications • How does Vigilohm work? • The Vigilohm offer • Strong points • Conclusion

  3. Section 1 - Introduction What is Vigilohm?

  4. What is Vigilohm? • Vigilohm is the range of Insulation Monitoring Devices for Schneider Electric. • Used in IT earthing arrangements, the solution • Guarantees process continuity in case of earth fault, • Improves staff and process safety, and • Optimizes maintenance.

  5. Vigilohm products and solutions Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Manual fault location Automatic fault location Measurement per feeder

  6. Insulation monitoring device (IMD) functions • Level 1 : fault detection and signaling, manual fault location (all IMDs) IM9: for AC networks only IM9OL: for off-line motor monitoring (TN, TT or IT networks) IM10, IM20: for AC and DC networks XGR, XRM: fault location is done manually (current probe + mobile detector) • Level 2 : automatic fault locationXM200 + XD devices + use of current probe + mobile detector • Level 3 : feeder measurement + communication XML / XM300C + XL devices, XD devices XLI, XTU interfaces

  7. Section 2 Earthing Arrangements

  8. The letters in earthing arrangements • 1st letter represents the transformer neutral connection to earth T (terre – earth) or I (isolated) • 2nd letter represents the load frame connection:frame connected to earth (T) or neutral (N) Grounded neutral Ungrounded neutral Grounded load frame Load frame connected to neutral

  9. MV LV L1 L2 L3 N PE RB RA TT earthing arrangements • The exposed conductive parts of the installation are connected to an earth electrode (Ra) which is electrically separated from the LV substation earth electrode (Rb). • Protection by RCDs

  10. L1 L1 L2 L2 L3 L3 N PEN PE RPAB RPAB TN earthing arrangements • Protection by overcurrent tripping TN-C TN-S

  11. L1 L2 L3 PE RPAB IT earthing arrangements • No protection is needed

  12. Earthing arrangement & applications • Earthing arrangement choice will depend on the type of application: • TT: small tertiary and residential networks • TN: industrial networks, large tertiary networks • IT: marine, some specific hospital areas, for industry applications with a high service continuity need • All systems are equivalent with regard to people safety • In large installations, the best system is a combination of earthing arrangements.

  13. 230V Ph CB N R1 < 10 Earth fault consequence • TN-C / TN-S : CB magnetic tripping • TT : CB tripping with RCD • IT : First fault - No effect !!!Second fault - CB magnetic tripping (like TN-C/TN-S)

  14. L1 L2 L3 PE RPAB Case of a second fault in IT system • A short circuit means breaker trips!

  15. Earthing arrangement comparison

  16. 230V Ph CB N R C D 30mA / 10mA R1 < 10 R2 < 10 1 K  Ph Defect UB R2 U0 Ground R1 N Indirect contact and insulation fault (TT) Hypothesis: R1 = R2 = 10  U body: UB = 230 * R2/(R1+R2) = 115 V I body: Ib = 115V / 1K = 115 mA (high risk over 30mA) Fault current: 230V / 20 = 11.5A This current is not high enough to trip the circuit breaker. This is why RCDs are mandatory in TT; the RCD makes the protection.

  17. 230V Ph CB N R2 < 10 R1 < 1 M 1 K  Ph Defect Ub R2 U0 Ground R1 N Indirect contact & insulation fault (IT) Hypothesis: R1 = 1 M  U body: : Ub = 230 V * R2/(R1+R2)=230*R2/R1 = 2.3 mV I body:Ib= Ub /1 k  = 2.3 mV / 1k = 2,3 µA I body increases with R1 decrease Fault current IR1 = 230V / 1M = 0.2 mA No risk after the first fault: no trip is needed. What happens after a second fault on another phase?Short circuit so the circuit breaker will open.It is necessary to detect the first fault.

  18. Ph Defect Uc RT U0 Ground Zc N 40 µF 4 x 10 µF Limits for an IT earthing network 1 wire: 10 M / km 0.3 µF / km (10.6 K / Km @ 50 Hz) 3 wires * ==> 0.9 µF / Km (* 3 rather than 4 as one capacitance isin // with the defect) Uc max = 50V (safety limit) Uc = U0 * RT/Zc C max to have Uc < or = to 50V Cmax = Uc / U0 * RT * 2*pi * f Cmax = 1 / U0 * 62.8 (for 50Hz) Max length according to the voltage Ph - Ph = 760V ==> Ph - N = 760 / 1.732 = 439V => 36 µF 0.9 µF / Km ==> limit = 40 Km 240V = 66 µF ==> limit = 73 Km (3 phases)

  19. IT earthing arrangement: Pros & Cons • Energy availability - Up-time >> • Fire and explosion risks • ED life time • Preventive and corrective maintenance But • Implementation costs • Network size • Fault localisation

  20. Section 3 IT earthing Applications

  21. Typical applications in IT arrangement Some hospital areas Off-shore Ships Availability Fire Explosion Oil & Gaz Safety lighting Industrial applications with continuous or sensitive processes ( furnaces, industrial robots…) Nuclear plants Airports (runway lighting, traffic supervision) = mandatory = prescription / promotion

  22. Hospital applications • Key application driver : patient safety • Product features for this environment • AC internal impedance > 100 kOhms • Test voltage (=injection voltage) <= 25 Vdc • Injected current <= 1mA, even under fault conditions • 50 kOhms threshold

  23. Marine applications • All vessel types (both commercial and military) and the whole LV electrical distribution • 5 to 10 devices par vessel • Cruise liners, transport ships – car ferries, containers, navy vessels

  24. Industry and infrastructure applications Key application drivers : energyavailability and safety

  25. Section 4 How does Vigilohm work?

  26. How does Vigilohm work? Protection threshold • IT earthing arrangement is used to guarantee supply continuity (energy availability) in an electrical installation • Requirements of the IT system: • Continuously monitor the installation insulation by DC injection or AC injection • Signal the first fault • Locate faults (manually or automatically) • The Vigilohm range of IMDs provide a permanent insulation monitoring solution • Thus helping end users to increase process availability and improving staff and process safety Fault threshold

  27. IMD connected to neutral IMD connected to a phase L1 L2 L3 L1 L2 L3 V V IMD IMD V E95484 V E95485 3 Operating diagram • Vigilohm IMDs are connected to neutral or to a network phase When the first fault occurs,the IMD detects the network phase-to-neutral voltage across its terminals When the first fault occurs,the IMD detects the network phase-to-phase voltage Vacross its terminals Multiple sources > A single Insulation Monitoring Device

  28. LF generator Current injection • InIT arrangement, because the fault current is very small, and therefore difficult to measure, the insulation monitoring device (IMD) injects a low frequency or a DC current. This current can go though the IMD because the IMD impedance is high at 50Hz (IT) but low for the injected current (equivalent to a TT). • The aim is to measure the return current to calculate the system’s impedance. • This current depends on the leakage impedance of the network to be monitored. Locating insulation faults is done by tracing the path of a low frequency current injected at the origin of the installation.

  29. What does Vigilohm measure & monitor? • Insulation resistance • If the resistance value is under the set-point, an alarm is triggered • This resistance value is displayed on some modules • For more advanced modules: • Insulation resistance and 2 set-points (warning and alarm) • Leakage capacitance • Resistance and capacitance are good ways to know the status of the system • Allows preventive maintenance

  30. Why do we measure the network capacitance? • Monitoring the C value is essential on large networks since the C-related impedance can cause these networks to drift towards a TT arrangement. This configuration would generate a dangerous voltage contact and a high fault current in case of earth fault. • Only Schneider Electric monitors these value. • Thus, during ED design, it will be highly recommended to limit network size (long cables).

  31. i i R network C network Vi Vi Vs R network = - Rs and i = i Rs Rs Vs E95476 Rs Vs (Vi - Vs) R network = IMD Network Operating principle: DC Injection • The capacitance of the network is irrelevant when a DC voltage injection IMD is used to measure the insulation. • DC voltage injection IMDs can only be used on AC networks

  32. RS i R network C network Vi 1 C network x  Z = R network // , E95480 network complex impedance IMD Network Operating principle: AC Injection • The resistance and capacitance of the network are displayed by measuring the insulation with an AC voltage injection IMD. • Synchronous demodulation is used to indicate the real and imaginary parts of Z and therefore to calculate the resistance R and capacitance C of the network.

  33. Different injection methods, different IMDs • There are two types of permanent insulation monitors that use different injection methods: • DC current injection IMD • ACcurrent injection IMD (can be communicating) IM9 / IM9OL IM10 / IM20 IM10 / IM20H XM200 XM300C

  34. P1 CPI Two Types of monitoring MV/LV • On-line insulation monitoring • IT system for a part or the whole installation • IT system for AC or DC installations • Off-line insulation monitoring • Load insulation monitoring CPI CPI

  35. Multiple configuration options • Network type : AC / DC • Injection type : AC / DC • Injection type : permanent or non permanent Network type Injection type

  36. Section 5 The Vigilohm Offer

  37. Vigilohm offer • Level 1 solution – Manual fault location • Hospital – IM10H, IM20H, HRP • Marine, Industry & Infrastructures: IM9, IM10, IM20 • Industry / off-line monitoring: IM9OL • Level 2 solution – Automatic fault location • XM200, XD3xx • Level 3 solution – Feeder measurement & communication • XML3xx, XM300C • XL3xx, XD308C, XLI / XTU communication interface • Accessories • Toroids • Cardew surge limiter • ZX impedance • HV-IM20-1.7 subassembly • PHT1000 subassembly • Mobile fault location kit

  38. The Vigilohm Offer Level 1 solutionManual Fault Location

  39. Vigilohm offer : HospitalsProduct features Vigilohm IM10-H, IM20-H and HRP help ensure patient safety IM10-H • Fault detection and signaling • Insulation resistance value display IM20-H: • Fault detection and signaling • Insulation resistance value display • Transformer monitoring (current and temperature) • Modbus communication • Alarm log HRP • Insulation fault remote indicator (audible & visual) • Electrical fault (transformer overload or circuit breaker tripping ) remote indicator (audible & visual) • Insulation daily test IM10-H / IM20-H

  40. Vigilohm offer : HospitalsKey technical specifications IM10-H / IM20-H • Standards: IEC 60364-7-10, IEC 61557-8 • Network voltage: up to 230 V ac, 50 or 60 Hz • Insulation resistance value reading: from 1 kOhm to 1 MOhm • Minimal fault threshold: 50 kOhms • Accuracy : 5% • Auxiliary supply: AC or DC (generally the monitored network) HRP key technical features: • Tested with Anios products (anti-bacterial cleaning product) • Insulation Monitoring test button • 24 Vdc auxiliary supply HRP: Hospital remote panel

  41. Vigilohm offer : Marine, Industry, Infra.Product features (Online insulation monitoring) IM9, IM10 and IM20 help ensure process continuity, staff and process safety in IT earthing network arrangements IM9 • Fault detection and signaling without display (only for monitoring small AC networks) • Pre-alarm threshold IM10: • Fault detection and signaling with large, intuitive multi-language display • Insulation resistance value display IM20: • Same as IM10 plus • Leakage capacitance measurement display • Transformer monitoring (current and temperature) • Modbus communication • Alarm log • Current injection inhibition feature • Compatible with higher network nominal voltages with the HV subassembly

  42. Vigilohm offer : Marine, Industry, Infra.Specific standards for IM9, IM10 and IM20 • IEC 60364-4-41 : Electrical standards in buildings • IEC 61557-8 : Insulation Monitoring Devices in IT earthing arrangement • IEC 61557-9 : Equipment for insulation fault location in IT earthing arrangements

  43. Vigilohm offer : Marine, Industry, Infra. IM9 key technical specifications • Network voltage • Up to 480 Vac L-L, 50, 60 or 400 Hz • Two alarm thresholds • Pre-alarm: from 2,5 to 500 kOhms • Alarm: from 1 to 250 kOhms • 1 changeover contact in case of earth fault • Auxiliary supply: • 110 to 415 Vac (+/- 15%) • 125 to 250 Vdc (+/-15%) IM9

  44. Vigilohm offer : Marine, Industry, Infra. IM10 / IM20 key technical specifications • Network voltage: • Up to 480 Vac L-L, 50, 60 or 400 Hz • Up to 345 Vdc • Up to 1700 Vac L-L with subassembly (IM20) • Range for leakage capacitance readings: • 0,1 – 40 µF (IM20) – Impedance display • 2 thresholds • Pre-alarm: from 1 kOhm to 1 Mohms • Alarm: from 0,5 kOhm to 500 kOhms • 1 changeover contact in case of earth fault • Auxiliary supply: • 110 to 415 Vac (+/-15%) / 125 to 250 Vdc (+/-15%) • Multi-language support for English, French, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, Chinese, and Russian • DNV approval for the Marine market IM10 / IM20

  45. Vigilohm offer : IndustryIM9-OL Product features (Offline insulation monitoring) IM9-OL for insulation monitoring of offline motors (i.e., motors that are not normally powered, such smoke extractors) • Functions • Insulation monitoring with an adjustable threshold • Motor start inhibition with a second threshold • Ability to authorize start, even in case of low insulation • Fault detection and signaling in all motor earthing arrangements (TN, TT, IT) • Standards • Product: IEC 61557-8, Safety : 61010-1 • Features • Motor nominal voltage : up to 690 V • Pre-alarm threshold: from 0,5 to 10 Mohms • Motor inhibition threshold: from 0,25 to 2 Mohms • Suitable for 1 ph or 3 ph motors, including star/delta start IM9-OL

  46. The Vigilohm Offer Level 2 solutionAutomatic Fault Location

  47. Vigilohm offer - automatic fault location • Ideal for medium or large networks with a significant number of feeders • Typical architecture • XM200 IMD that displays global R and C • XD312 / XD301 automatic fault locators • The customer typically uses a manual fault locating kit for the downstream distribution

  48. Automatic fault location – strong points • Global network monitoring (R and C) • Unlimited number of locators • No link between the XM200 (injector)and XD devices (locators) • Transient fault management on both XM200 and XD devices • Both XD312 and XD301locate the fault

  49. XM200 key technical features • Network voltage: • up to 760 Vac (injection connected to neutral) • up to 440 Vac (injection connected to phase) • up to 500 Vdc • For higher voltages, please use XM300C. • Range for insulation resistance readings: • from 0,1 to 999 kOhms • Range for leakage capacitance readings: • from 0,1 to 199 µF • 2 thresholds (pre-alarm and alarm) and 2 output contacts

  50. XD301 / XD312 key technical features • Immediateidentification of the faultyfeeder • Network type: • low voltage, AC (45 to 400 Hz) or DC • Operating threshold: • 2,5 mA @ 2,5 Hz • Polling time: • 20 s per channel • 1 output contact

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