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China in the 20 th Century

China in the 20 th Century. Outside Influences Begin to Overwhelm China. 1899 – The U.S. uses the Open Door Policy , which gave all countries equal trading in China. Competition for Chinese trade between European nations and the U.S. intensifies.

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China in the 20 th Century

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  1. China in the 20th Century

  2. Outside Influences Begin to Overwhelm China • 1899 – The U.S. uses the Open Door Policy, which gave all countries equal trading in China. • Competition for Chinese trade between European nations and the U.S. intensifies. • China feels abused from all the foreign influence, begins nationalist uprising.

  3. Three Distinct Periods • Republic of China (1912-1949) • Nationalists - Sun Yet Sen (Yixian) and Chiang Kai-Shek lead the Kuomintang (Nationalist Party) • Wars • 1937-1945: Sino – Japanese War • Alliance between the Nationalists and Communists against the Japanese • 1945-1949: Civil War between Nationalists and Communists • People’s Republic of China (1949-present) • Communist - Led by Mao Zedong until 1976

  4. China’s Nationalist Republic (1912-1949) • China looks to become stronger to stand up to Western influences. • They invite the Soviets to help them build a military. • Unproductive because of disagreements about who should lead China. • Soviet influence leads to Communist ideas. • Constant fighting among Communists and Nationalists in China.

  5. Wars with Japan (1937-1945) • Largest Asian War of the 20th century • Fighting against imperial Japan begins as Japan looks to dominate the Asian region politically and economically. • Ends with Japan’s defeat in WWII, but not before an estimated 20 million Chinese die.

  6. Communist China under Mao • Mao Zedong leads the communist party in China after WWII. • He wanted to make China modern and strong after WWII • The Great Leap Forward was China’s five year plan to modernize China • Was a terrible failure because of constant food shortages, starvation, and anger. • Led to disagreements about government again in China.

  7. Changes to China • Mao got more extreme with his Cultural Revolution. He wanted to rid China of old customs, habits, and thoughts. • It was successful in making China a modernized country in the 20th century • Led by radical students called The Red Guards • Tortured and killed people who didn’t follow. • China is finally on one page because Mao removes the ability to disagree.

  8. Tiananmen Square Massacre Footage • Tank Man Video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nnmnq5nFcZw&feature=related • BBC footage the day of the massacre: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XJBnHMpHGRY&feature=related

  9. Business Reforms in China • In 1990’s, Chinese government turns over state owned businesses to private owners. • Results in new foreign investment and an increase in successful Chinese business. • Today China is the world’s second largest economy and thriving.

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