The Present Perfect Tense

1. Unit 1 Past and Present The Present Perfect Tense

2. 1. I have opened the door . ( I opened the door just now. And now the door is still open. ) 2. We’ve swept the floor . (We swept the floor just now. The floor is still cleannow .)

3. The Present Perfect Tense 助动词have/has+v.过去分词 构成 现在完成时的用法（已完成，未完成）1. ---已完成 表示过去发生的或已完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。（动作是过去发生的，结果是现在存在的。） Thank you.I have had my supper.谢谢你，我已吃过晚饭了。（现在用不着吃）

4. Xiao Li has left the city. 小李已离开了这座城市。（现在不在这里） • Have you read this book?你看过这本书吗？ （我现在尚不知道你读了没有） • I have lost my key.我丢了钥匙。（现在还未找到） • He has never learned English.他从来没学过英语。（现在他不懂英语）

5. 2. ---未完成 表示过去已经开始，而且延续到现在的动作或状态。可以和表示一段时间的状语连用(since,for)，动词为延续性动词，如be, have(有), know, live, work, study, learn, teach, speak, walk, sleep 等。 • Hehas beenill for three days. • 他已经病了三天了。 • I have livedhere for aboutfive years.我在这里已经住了大约五年了。

6. We have been very busy since the new term began. 新学期开始以来我们一直很忙。 • Mr Li has taught this class for two years. 李老师教这个班已两年了。 • I’ve known him since ten years ago. 十年前我就认识他了。 • His pet dog has been dead for ten days. 他的宠物狗已死了十天了。

7. 英语中还有些动词的意义决定它们所表示的动作不能延续，只是一瞬间就结束的动作。这类动词叫做非延续性动词,不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。常见的有：come, go, arrive, reach, get to, open, close, leave, begin, start, stop,lose, buy, borrow, join, die, marry, become, get up,receive等，均不能同“for+段时间”的状语连用。如果表达上述非延续性动词“继续多长时间”的概念，则须要改用系表结构，多为be+形容词（副词、介词短语等）构成。

8. 试比较每组中哪个是正确的： He has come here for seven years. He has been here for seven years. F T This factory has opened for several years. This factory has beenopenfor several years. F T Helen has borrowed the book for a month. Helen has kept the book for a month. F T

9. 非延续性动词同“for”和“since”的状语连用具体变化如下：非延续性动词同“for”和“since”的状语连用具体变化如下： open---be open close---be closed leave---be away (from) begin/start---be on buy---have borrow---keep

10. join---be in die---be dead marry---be married become---be He has come back. He has been back for a week. He has been back since a week ago. He came back a week ago. It is a week since he came back.

11. 用T or F判断正误 他去那儿一周了. 1.He has gone there for a week. 2.He has been there for a week. 3.He has gone there since a week ago. 4.It is a week since he went there. F T F T

12. 她回家来有两年时间。 1.She has come home for two years. 2. She came home two years ago. 3. She has been back home for two years. 4. It is two years since she came back home. F T T T

13. 他入党已有十年的时间。 1. He joined the Party 10 years ago. 2. He has joined the Party for 10 years. 3. He has been a Party member for 10 years. 4. It is 10 years since he joined the Party. T F T T

14. 这本书我已借了五天。 1. I have borrowed the book for five days. 2. I have kept the book for five days. 3. I borrowed the book five days . ago. F T T

15. 课 开始五分钟了。 • The class has begun for 5 minutes. • The class has been on for 5 minutes. • The class began 5 minutes ago. F T T

16. 他死了一周. 1.He has died for a week. 2. He has been dead for a week. 3. He has died since a week ago. 4. It is a week since he died. F T F T

17. 她离开家已有两年时间。 1. She has left home for two years. 2. She left home two years ago. 3. She has been away from home for two years. 4. It is two years since she left home. F T T T

18. 他参军已有一个月的时间。 1.He joined the army a month ago. 2. He has joined the army for a month . 3. He has been a soldier for a month. 4. It is a month since he joined the army. T F T T

19. 我这支笔已买了五年 1.I have bought the pen for five years. 2.I have had the pen for five years. 3. I bought the pen five years ago. F T T 他来这里一小时了 • He has come here for an hour. • He has been here for an hour. F T

20. 现在完成时的时间状语 • already(肯定),疑问句否定句中变为yet • just(肯定), • since+点时间/段时间+ago/一般过去时句子(肯定，疑问，否定), • for＋段时间(肯定，疑问，否定) • ever(疑问), never(否定), • yet(疑问，否定),

21. 现在完成时还可与以下几种 时间状语连用 1.表示不确定的过去时间的，如before,recently,lately等。 • I have heard from Mary recently. • 最近我收到了玛丽的来信。 • Have you seen him lately? • 你近来见过他吗？ • Tom has seen this interesting film before. • 汤姆以前曾看过这部有趣的电影。

22. have/has been to 表示某人曾经去过某地，现在已经回来，主语可用各种人称。例如：I have been to the Great Wall.我去过长城。 have/has gone to 表示某人去了某地，这个人已经不在此地，还没有回来。主语只能是第三人称。 例如：You can't find her. She has gone to Beijing. 你找不到她。她到北京去了。

23. Have you ever been to Shanghai? • Where’s he? He’s gone to Shanghai. • How many times has Millie been to Beijing? Once./Twice./Three times. • Sandy has gone to Beijing, so you can’t find her. • We’ve been in Tokyo for two years.

24. They have been to the farm. They have gone to the farm. 他们去过农场。（已返回） 他们去农场了。 （未返回） Have you been to the north? He has gone to the north. 你去过北方吗（问一个现在不在北方的人） 他去了北方。（他现在在北方，或在去那里的路上）

25. have/has beenin/at have/has been in /at(指小地方) 强调在某地住过多长时间，不顾及主语现在是否在此地。 e.g.How long have you been in this school?你在这所学校多长时间了？He has been in our city for five months.

26. 用have(has)been/have(has)gone填空 1. Miss Liu isn’t in the office. She_______ to the library. 2.Where_____ you _____? I _________ to the hotel . 3.My uncle ________ to Beijing to have a meeting. He _______ there many times. has gone been have have been has gone has been

27. has gone 4.Lin Tao ________back to his hometown and won’t be back until September.5.How many times __________ to the USA? No,never.6.Where’s he? He _________ to the teachers’ office.7.He knows it very well because he ________ there many times. have been has gone has been

28. 同义句型转换： 1.My father joined the Party ten years ago. My father has ____ ___the Party ____ten years. 2.Lucy came here ten minutes ago Lucy ___ ____ here since ten minutes ago been in for has been

29. 3.I have kept the book for a week. I ________ the book a week ago. 4.Jim has been in China for 3 years. Jim ____ __ China __ ____ ___. 5.The old man has been dead for a year. It__one year ____ the old man___. borrowed came to years ago 3 is since died

30. 6.I bought a new bike two weeks ago. I ____ ____ a new bike ___two weeks. 7.Miss Yang came to our school in 1990. Miss Yang ___ ____ ___ our school _____ 1990. have had for has been in since

31. 8.He left here two weeks ago . He ____ ___ ___ for ___ ___. 9.We borrowed some story books the day before yesterday. We ____ ____ some story books ____ ___ days. has been away two weeks have kept for two

32. 10.Lucy has been in our team since last month. Lucy _____ our team __ _____ ____. 11.He has been away from home for a week. He ___ home ___ ____ ___. month joined a ago ago left a week

33. Thank you. Good-bye.