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Electroencephalography & Event-related potentials in Clinics (Clinical EEG & ERP)

Electroencephalography & Event-related potentials in Clinics (Clinical EEG & ERP). علی یونسی استادیار دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، دانشکده فن آوریهای نوین تهران، 21 شهریور 1390 . مصرف کننده شیشه. مصرف کننده قبلی شیشه. فرد سالم. خلاصه. مقدمه ای بر نوار مغزی و سیگنال ناشی از محرک

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Electroencephalography & Event-related potentials in Clinics (Clinical EEG & ERP)

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  1. Electroencephalography & Event-related potentials in Clinics(Clinical EEG & ERP) علی یونسی استادیار دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، دانشکده فن آوریهای نوین تهران، 21 شهریور 1390

  2. مصرف کننده شیشه مصرف کننده قبلی شیشه فرد سالم

  3. خلاصه • مقدمه ای بر نوار مغزی و سیگنال ناشی از محرک • کاربردهای بالینی EEG • ریتمهای مغزی • کاربردهای بالینی ERP • Schizophrenia • Mood disorders • Alcohol dependence and substance abuse • Dementia • Traumatic brain injury • Normal development • Childhood disorders • ADHD • Learning Disorders • تحقیقات در حال انجام • سوء مصرف شیشه • خواب

  4. پوست بافت نرم جمجمه دورا کورتکس 5 mm 5 mm ثبت سیگنال • الکتریکی • Electroencephalography (EEG) • Electrocorticogram (ECoG) • Local field potential or single neuron • روشهای دیگر • Magnetoencephalography (MEG) • Positron emission tomography (PET) • Magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) • Infrared (IR) imaging وضوح زمانی

  5. Default-mode brain • The default network is a network of brain regions that are active when the individual is not focused on the outside world and the brain is at wakeful rest. • Working memory tasks differentially deactivate the PCC. • signal increase and spatial decrease in the PCC and a signal decrease but spatial increase in the ACC with increasing working memory load

  6. برانگیختگی ناشی از محرک • کاربردها • ترجمه سیگنال به یک حرکت • استفاده از مغز به عنوان یک پردازشگر سریع • بررسی عملکرد حسی و شناختی فرد

  7. تعداد مقالات

  8. Default Mode Netowrk

  9. Fourier Domain

  10. Alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment • Semantic classification task: low frequency functional connectivity between anterior (MPFC) and posterior (PCC/retrosplenial cortex) regions : negatively associated with age • eyes-closed resting state in Alzheimer patients (N=24; 9 males; mean age 76.3 years)and non-demented subjects with subjective memory complaints (N=19; 9 males) • The mean level of EEG synchronization was lower in Alzheimer patients in the upper alpha (10–13 Hz) and beta (13–30 Hz) band.

  11. Schizophrenia • low-frequency and alpha-band power abnormalities (perhaps thalamic and frontal lobe dysfunction) • augmented low-frequency power : • more negative symptoms • larger third ventricles • larger frontal horns of the lateral ventricles • increased cortical sulci widths • greater ocular motor dysfunction

  12. Autism • In the θ (3–6 Hz) frequency range • within left hemisphere frontal and temporal regions • 8–10 Hz: • globally reduced coherence within frontal regions and between frontal and all other scalp regions. • The ASD : greater relative power between 3 and 6 Hz and 13–17 Hz and significantly less relative power between 9 and 10 Hz.

  13. برانگیختگی بدون محرک هدف برانگیختگی با محرک هدف خصوصیات نورونی • برانگیختگی ناشی از محرک • P3 یکی از بخشهای خاص این سیگنال برانگیخته است: • میزان توجه • سختی پردازش تصویر • سن فرد

  14. The mismatch negativity (MMN) MMN can be recorded in infants and young children

  15. 64 electrodes • 256 Hz sample rate • 1-45 Hz filtering • 1000ms epoch EEG Acquisition

  16. بررسیهای ادراکی و شناختیVisual ERP (VEP) • ادراکی (نمایش محرکهای ساده) • روشنایی • رنگ • حرکت • .... • شناختی (محرکهای پیچیده) • حافظه • توجه • تشخیص شیی • ...

  17. بیماریهایی که در آنها تغییراتدرERP گزارش شده است • Mood disorders • Alcohol dependence and substance abuse • Dementia • آلزایمر • Traumatic brain injury • Normal development • Childhood disorders • ADHD • Learning Disorders • مولتیپل اسکلروزیس • پارکینسون

  18. Coma • reappearance of the MMN is a valid predictor of recovery fromcoma. • Based on • six N100 studies (N = 548 patients) • five MMN studies (N = 470) • six P300 studies (N = 313) the N100, MMN, or P300, when present, significantly predicted awakening, P300 and MMN being significantly better predictors than N100.

  19. Schizophrenia • reduced P300 amplitude in patients with schizophrenia (first reported 35 years ago) • The patients with schizophrenia showed smaller MMN amplitude 60 patients 53 unaffected family members 44 healthy controls

  20. Mood disorders • deviant P300 is less consistent in mood disorders • patient subtypes or to the severity of depression • Bipolar disorder show more consistent P300 deviations (both latency and amplitude)

  21. Alcohol dependence • the P300 amplitude reduction • degree of reduction in P300 in alcoholics was highly correlated with the number of alcohol-dependent individuals in the family

  22. Dementia • between subcortical and cortical dementias • P300 latency distinguish dementia from depression-associated pseudodementia • Discrimination between patients with early Alzheimer’s disease and healthy individuals

  23. Traumatic brain injury • Reduction in the amplitude of visual P300 in survivors of traumatic brain injury in approximately half of the studies • Most frequent effect of traumatic brain injury: reduction in the amplitude of auditory P300

  24. Traumatic brain injury

  25. Developmental changes in ERPs • three-stimulus oddball (frequent standard, rare target, rare nontarget novel) frontal P3a amplitude elicited by rare novel stimuli tends to increase between the ages of 8 and 20 years. • For routine initial examination, the passive oddball may be the most useful task across a wide age range

  26. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder • small P300 amplitudes with normal latency • a decrement in P300 at posterior electrode sites in conjunction with an augmentation at frontal sites

  27. Other disorders of childhood • central auditory processing difficulties : failed to generate ERPs or substantially increased latencies and smaller amplitudes • In 11-year-old children with oppositional-defiant disorder: smaller P300 amplitudes to both cues and targets in a CPT

  28. High-risk children • Visual mental rotation task: P300 amplitude was smaller for young boys at high- compared to lowrisk for alcoholism (similar to individuals with alcohol dependence) • Lower P300 amplitudes also were observed in the pre-adolescent sons of alcoholic men

  29. Dyslexia • the magnitude of the MMN reduction is correlated with the severity of dyslexia • MMN can also be employed to assess the effectiveness of dyslexia rehabilitation programs

  30. ارزیابی ERP در اعتیاد • کوکایین • الکل

  31. Attentional Bias to Drug- and Stress-Related Pictorial Cues in Cocaine Addiction Comorbid with PTSD

  32. Auditory target processing in methadone substituted opiate addicts: The effect of nicotine in controls

  33. تصویر صورت تصویر خنثی

  34. انواع تصاویر در مطالعه ادراکی

  35. برانگیختگی ناشی از محرک • ادراکی • میزان میلین • قطر نورون • شناختی • حافظه • توجه • احساسات

  36. نتیجه گیری • کاربردهای بالقوه برانگیختگی ناشی از محرک در مطالعات اعتیاد: • تشخیص اعتیاد؟ • تشخیص نوع ماده/مواد مصرفی؟ • تشخیص مدت زمان مصرف و دوز مصرفی؟ • پایش درمان اعتیاد؟ • سیستمهای بازخورد عصبی و زیستی؟

  37. نتیجه گیری • نکات حائز اهمیت • رضایت بیمار • رعایت نکات اخلاقی • خطاهای تشخیصی • گرانی هزینه پردازش • شدت سیگنال به نویز • راه اندازی نسبتا دشوار

  38. سپاسگزاری جناب آقای دکتر زرین دست جناب آقای دکتر رزاقی جناب آقای دکتر پوراعتماد جناب آقای دکتر جغتایی جناب آقای دکتر اختیاری جناب آقای دکتر زارعی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران دانشکده فن آوریهای نوین مرکز ملی مطالعات اعتیاد پژوهشکده علوم شناختی مرکز تحقیقات چشم (فارابی)

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