The Development of Package Holidays

1. The Development of Package Holidays L.O: to know the impact of the package holiday on the travel and tourism industry. ALL will be able to describe the start of the package holiday MOST will be able to explain why tourism grew SOME will be able to explain the change in tourism over the past 30 years.

2. When did the package holiday start? • During the industrial revolution (1750 – 1900) the working classes lived and worked in terrible conditions.

3. Because of the horrible conditions many people in the UK turned to drink – despite being very poor. Thomas Cook (1808-1902) was a Baptist and was appalled at the drunkenness of the working classes. He encouraged something called TEMPERENCE – which tried to reduce the amount of people who drink alcohol.

4. Because Temperance was quite popular, meetings took place across the country. Due to the invention of the railways in 1825, Cook was able to arranged a chartered train from Leicester to Loughborough for a meeting on July 5th 1841.

5. Thomas Cook found that this was very popular, and he decided to arrange a number of excursions to destinations in the UK – including to seaside resorts, which made a difference to their normal everyday lives.

6. The first international package holiday In 1855 Thomas Cook arranged his first packaged holiday abroad – they visited Belgium, Germany and France – all arrangements were made by Cook!

7. What sort of holidays were there in the 1900s? Leisure time and disposable income was limited (e.g. they worked very long hours and had little spare money), but the interest in travelling grew very quickly in the UK, particularly coastal destinations such as Brighton became very popular.

8. The package holiday ‘Holiday Camp’ In 1931 Harry Warner opened the first holiday camp on Hayling Island, followed in 1936 by Billy Butlin at Skegness. Tourists received a package of accommodation in chalets, 3 meals a day and entertainment for an all-inclusive price! These holidays grew in popularity and in 1972 Butlins took a record 1 million bookings!

9. Reasons for MASS TOURISM • Holidays with pay act 1938 (people were paid by their employer when on holiday). • After the soldiers returned from overseas from the 2nd World War people wanted to go abroad. • First overseas package holiday BY AIR in 1950 by Vladimir Raitz who founded Horizon Holidays. • In the 1960s and 70s several major tour operators started business including the Thomson Travel Group.

10. Technological Advances • Faster and larger aircraft (quicker and more convenient and cheaper) • Improved transport networks (can go to more places easily) • Introduction of computerised booking systems (easier to book a holiday)

11. Changes in lifestyle • People worked less and earned more money – so more time and money to spend on holidays! • 1990s – people became more demanding in their holiday choice – long-haul holidays to America and South-East Asia became popular. • All-inclusive holidays at resorts (everything included in the price makes it easier for tourists) • Holiday makers wanted new experiences so specialist holidays grew (e.g. rock-climbing) • Cruises became one of the fastest growing sectors in the tourism market. • End of the 1990s people wanted more holidays so short-stay holidays and city-breaks increased e.g. to Paris or Prague.

12. What you need to include - Development of package holidays: • early developmentse.g. Thomas Cook; • growth of mass market; • specialist holidayse.g. all-inclusive, city breaks, long-haul, cruising