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1D & 2D Spaces for Representing Data

1D & 2D Spaces for Representing Data. Mao Lin Huang. 1-D Representation of Data. 1-D Textual Data. Keyhole Problem. No context Lost, disoriented Where am I? Where can I go? Where do I want to go? How do I get there?. Visual Overview. Map, organization (spatial layout of concepts)

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1D & 2D Spaces for Representing Data

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  1. 1D & 2D Spaces for Representing Data Mao Lin Huang

  2. 1-D Representation of Data

  3. 1-D Textual Data

  4. Keyhole Problem • No context • Lost, disoriented • Where am I? • Where can I go? • Where do I want to go? • How do I get there?

  5. Visual Overview • Map, organization (spatial layout of concepts) • What information is (not) available? • Adds context info, relationships • Enables direct access • Encourages exploration • HCI metrics: • Improves user performance, learning time, error rates, retention, satisfaction

  6. Navigation Approaches • Detail Only • Zooming • Overview+Detail • Focus+Context (Distortion, fisheye)

  7. 1D Visual Representation • Plaisant, “Lifelines”, pp 285 See personal history • Mackinlay, “Perspective Wall”, web

  8. 1D Visual Representation • Eick, “SeeSoft”, p 419 • Analyze 50,000 lines of code simultaneously by mapping each line of code into a thin row. • Eick, “Data Visualization Sliders”, p 251 (2 pages)

  9. Navigation Strategies • Detail Only • Zooming • Overview+Detail • Focus+Context (Distortion, fisheye)

  10. Fisheye Menus • http://www.cs.umd.edu/hcil/fisheyemenu/ • Very Fast • due to mouse mechanics, no clicking, mostly vertical sliding • Alphabet overview helpful • Fisheye context not useful in this case? • Might be more useful in SeeSoft where miniature representation gives important information • Limits # of readable items to ~10 • Wasted space at top- and bottom- right • Distortion problematic? • Alphabet overview distorted at A and Z • Scale limited? • Possible improvement: • Same alphabet overview (without end distortion) • Remove fisheye, maximize readable items like scrolling version • Same fast mouse mechanics, scroll fast on left, no scroll on right

  11. Music Animation Machine • Good for visualizing music during serial playback, relate audio to visual structure • Visualizing entire compositions: increase information density • See patterns of phrases, instruments, etc.

  12. 2-D Representation of Data

  13. 2-D • Image browsing • Maps

  14. Today • Bederson, “Pad++”, p 530 • a zooming graphic interface to replace icon-based window interface • Furnas, “Space-Scale Diagrams”, web

  15. Space-Scale

  16. Pad++ on edge Info surface • Like ray-tracing zoom window

  17. Semantic Zooming • Zooming in, red object turns to blue

  18. Multiple Views • Zoom factor ~ 20

  19. Multiple levels = large scale • Zoom factor = 20 * 20 * 20 = 8000

  20. Multiple Foci

  21. Multiple Overviews • Can have different information types at each level

  22. 2-D + Attributes • Dynamaps: dynamic queries on maps

  23. 2-D: Focus+Context Representation of Data

  24. 2-D • Robertson, “Document Lens”, p 562 • Spence, “Bifocal Lens”, p 331,333

  25. Focus+Context • Details within overview • “Distortion-oriented display” • “Fisheye” • Leung, Apperley, “Taxonomy of distortion-oriented presentations”, book pg 350

  26. Visual Transfer Functions Display surface Information surface Identity function = normal flat overview Bifocal

  27. Magnification Functions 1st Derivative

  28. Bifocal Display • Spence, Apperley

  29. Bifocal Display Disadvantage: 1 dimensional stretching on the 4 sides

  30. Perspective Wall / Document Lens

  31. NonLinear Magnification • http://www.cs.indiana.edu/hyplan/tkeahey/research/nlm/nlm.html • http://www.cs.indiana.edu/hyplan/tkeahey/research/papers/infovis.98.html

  32. “Bubble” Disadvantage: local context highly de-magnified

  33. “Fisheye”, “wide-angle lens” Disadvantage: no flat area

  34. Quiz: TableLens • Bifocal!

  35. Fisheye Menus • Non-linear: combination of Bubble + fisheye

  36. Why not magnifying glass? • Hides local context

  37. F+C vs. O+D • + Scales up to larger data (zoom factor and chaining) • + Multi foci easier • + multiple overviews possible • + Easy to implement, Less math! • Fast system performance • - >=2 places to look (cross-eyed!) • Tracking field-of-view box hard • Hand-eye coordination problem • - detail and overview disconnected • - Windows/space management • - replicates detail data in overview • + Space efficient • + Detail connected to context • Smooth transition • + matches human vision/processing? • - Distortion • - Longer learning time • - no flat overview - Need a way to turn off focus • - Content moves differently than mouse • - hard to tell zoom factor

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