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Normal Aging

Normal Aging. Lu Ann Gates RN, BSN MSN Student Viterbo University. Background. Historical sources. “Humoral doctrine.” Four humors. Phlegm, blood, choler or yellow bile, melancholy or black bile. Aging not a disease. Notable contribution. Aging Today.

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Normal Aging

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  1. Normal Aging Lu Ann Gates RN, BSN MSN Student Viterbo University

  2. Background • Historical sources. • “Humoral doctrine.” • Four humors. • Phlegm, blood, choler or yellow bile, melancholy or black bile. • Aging not a disease. • Notable contribution.

  3. Aging Today • Aging enriches the spirit but not necessarily the flesh. • Age, by itself, is a risk factor. • Advantages of a healthier lifestyle. • Aging groups.

  4. Statistics • Older population--65 years or older– numbered 35.6 million in 2002 and represented 12.3% of the U.S. population or about 1 in 8 Americans. • By 2030, there will be 71.5 million older persons, more than twice the number in 2000. (www.agingstats.gov/chartbook2000/population.html)

  5. Statistics (Cont.) • http://www.aoa.gov/prof/Statistics/profile/2_pf.asp

  6. Statistics (Cont.) • http:www.agingstats.gov/chartbook2000/population.html

  7. Normal Aging Process • The aging process. • Cell loss is the major factor of aging. • Most notable losses. • Collagen and elastin. • Hormones. • Enzymes. • Influences on the cells. • Heredity. • Environmental factors.

  8. System. Integumentary Epidermis becomes thin. Number of fat cells decrease. Hair follicle production declines. Nursing Observation Skin tears, increase chance of infection can effect self-concept. Pressure sores/ulcers may develop. Hair in ears, nostrils, and eyebrows grows while hair on head lessens. Physiological ChangesWith Aging Example #1

  9. Senses Eye lens becomes yellow. Ear wax thickens. 70% fewer taste buds at age 70 than at age 30. Inability to distinguish blue or green colors. Formation of ear plugs causes inability to hear. Affects dietary intake, compromises nutritional status. Example #2

  10. Musculoskeletal Major loss of calcium in bones. Decrease bone density from loss of calcium. Neuron response time declines. By age 70, 30% of calcium is lost in 25% of women older than 65. Increase risk factor for fractures, changes in posture. Unstable coordination can increase the possibility of falls. Example #3

  11. Psychological ChangesWith Aging • Crystallized intelligence • Fluid intelligence • Cognitive function • Other causes for changes in cognitive function

  12. Chronic Diseases • Is an extension of a person’s lifestyle. • Exact a heavy burden. • Avoidable through preventive measures. • Most frequent conditions • 1996 versus 2000-2001

  13. Functioning with Chronic Diseases • Comorbidity • Definition • Transitions • “Extraordinary” phase • “Ordinary” phase • How older individuals function with chronic illnesses.

  14. Nursing Implications • Establish a partnership. • Allow time for: • “Story telling”. • Illness careers. • Encourage/support the patient’s need of self-management. • Coping versus self-management.

  15. Growing old is mandatory; growing up is optional.Unknown

  16. References http://www.aoa.gov/prof/healthy_lifestyles/phl.asp http://www.aoa.gov/prof/Statistics/profile/12_pf.asp http://www.aoa.gov/prof/Statistics/profile/2_pf.asp http://www.aoa.gov/prof/Statistics/profile/2003/4.asp http://www.aoa.gov/prof/statistics/profile/2003/14_pf.asp http://www.aoa.gov/prof/Statistics/statistics.asp http://www.agingstats.gov/chartbook2000/population.html http://www.cdc.gov/aging/ http://www.cdc.gov/aging/health_issues.htm

  17. References Field, D., & Gueldner, S. H. (2001). The oldest old. Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 27 (8), 20-27. Godderis, J. (1998). A historical perspective on the care of the aged in medieval times. Nursing Clinics of North America, 33 (3), p.557-569. Jutagir, R. (1994). Psychological aspects of aging: When does memory loss signal dementia? Geriatrics, 49, (3), 5p. Retrieved June 7, 2004, from http://web4.epnet.com/DeliveryPrintSave.asp?tb+1&_ug=dbs+hch+sid+4E4C6049-27BB-4... Kain, C. D., Reilly, N., & Schultz, E. D. (1990). The older adult. Nursing Clinics of North America, 25, (4), 833-848. Kee, C. C. (1990). Sensory impairment: Factor X in providing nursing care to the older adult. Journal of Community Health Nursing, 7 (1), 45-52. Kralik, D., Kock, T., & Eastwood, S. (2003). The salience of the body: Transition in sexual self-identity for women living with multiple sclerosis. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 42 (1), 11-20.

  18. References Kralik, D., Koch, T., Price, K., & Howard, N. (2004). Chronic illness self-management: Taking action to create order. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 13 (2), p.259-267. Retrieved July 14, 2004, from http://gateway2.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi Loeb, S. J., Penrod, J., Falkenstern, S., Gueldner, S. H., & Poon, L. W. (2003). Supporting older adults living with multiple chronic conditions. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 25 )1), 8-29. Pearson, M., Wessman, J. (1996). Gerogogy. Home Healthcare Nurse, 14 (8), 631-636. Price, B. (1996). Illness careers: The chronic illness experience. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 24, 275-279. What is normal aging? (1997, June). Harvard Women’s Health Watch, 4 (10). Retrieved May 26, 2004, from http://web4.epnet.com/citation.asp?tb=1&_ug=dbs+afh%2Chch+sid+3F7499F4%2DAB20...

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