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Some bacteria utilize exquisitely designed amphiphilic siderophores to enhance iron uptake essential for growth. The unique structure of a citrate-based siderophore undergoes significant conformational changes upon binding iron, enhancing water solubility and membrane permeability. Understanding these strategies is crucial for managing bacterial development in various environments and disease conditions.
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Fe(III) or Ga(III) Evgeny Fadeev, Minkui Luo and John T. GrovesCHE-0221978 Princeton UniversityChameleon Behavior of a Phospholipid-Like Siderophore Amphiphilic siderophores are exquisitely engineered by bacteria to facilitate the iron uptake necessary for growth. The first structure determination of a citrate based siderophore has revealed a remarkable conformational reorganization upon binding the target metal that transforms the molecule from a parallel to an anti-parallel side chain arrangement. This change simultaneously increases the water solubility and the membrane permeability of the iron-laden form to facilitate its recovery by the bacterial cell. Since iron can be the limiting nutrient for growth, recognizing these strategies is key to understanding and controlling bacterial development both in the environment and in disease states. J. Am. Chem. Soc.2004, 126, 12065-75
