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GRADE CONTROL

GRADE CONTROL. STABILIZE HEADCUTS FIRST, THEN WORRY ABOUT BANK INSTABILITY SECOND. LOOSE STONE ENGINEERED ROCKED RIFFLES ON BIG CREEK, UNION COUNTY, IL.

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GRADE CONTROL

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  1. GRADE CONTROL

  2. STABILIZE HEADCUTS FIRST, THEN WORRY ABOUT BANK INSTABILITY SECOND

  3. LOOSE STONE ENGINEERED ROCKED RIFFLES ON BIG CREEK, UNION COUNTY, IL

  4. WAYNE KINNEY’S REALLY TALL ENGINEERED ROCKED RIFFLES (ERR)CASE STUDY: ERR #12, WHICH IS A 4.7 FT TALL STRUCTURE

  5. Mini case study: 1 of 10 DESIGN & CONSTRUCTION OVERSIGHT BY WAYNE KINNEY, PREZ., MIDWEST STREAMS, INC. OAKDALE, IL.

  6. Mini case study: 2 of 10 A 4.7 ft tall ERR, Big Creek, Union County, IL. {rural, sand-gravel, pool-riffle-pool, meandering, incised} Designed by Wayne Kinney Photo by Derrick 2/7/2007 Looking DS at the 4.7 ft tall Engineered Rocked Riffle in the proper location in the crossing between two bends

  7. Bank protection Key Glide Pool Pool ERR Key Bank protection

  8. Mini case study: 3 of 10 A 4.7 ft tall ERR, Big Creek, Union County, IL. Designed by Wayne Kinney Photo by Derrick 2/7/2007 Looking at the key, flow right to left. US ERR slope is angle of repose, DS ERR slope is 20 to 1.

  9. Mini case study: 4 of 10 A 4.7 ft tall ERR, Big Creek, Union County, IL. Designed by Wayne Kinney Photo by Derrick 2/7/2007 Key is dug 3 ft deep into substrate & up each bank. Stone is IL-DOT RR5-well-graded stone with a top size of 400 pounds.

  10. Mini case study: 5 of 10 A 4.7 ft tall ERR, Big Creek, Union County, IL. Designed by Wayne Kinney Photo by Derrick 2/7/2007 Looking DS. Uniform 20 to 1 slope, roughness dissipates energy & assists in fish passage.

  11. Mini case study: 6 of 10 A 4.7 ft tall ERR, Big Creek, Union County, IL. Designed by Wayne Kinney Photo by Derrick 2/7/2007 Flood flow crested 5 ft above banks (30 ft over the crest of the ERR) with no damage

  12. Mini case study: 7 of 10 A 4.7 ft tall ERR, Big Creek, Union County, IL. Designed by Wayne Kinney Photo by Derrick 2/7/2007 Looking US at the 4.7 ft tall Engineered Rocked Riffle

  13. Mini case study: 8 of 10 A 4.7 ft tall ERR, Big Creek, Union County, IL. Designed by Wayne Kinney Photo by Derrick 2/7/2007 Looking US. A thing of beauty!! Stone was track-walked to increase stability

  14. Mini case study: 9 of 10 Photo by Derrick 2/7/2007 Looking US. Structure roughness, eddy fences, pools & edge boundary layers aid fish passage

  15. Mini case study: 10 of 10 A 4.7 ft tall ERR, Big Creek, Union County, IL. Designed by Wayne Kinney Photo by Derrick 2/7/2007 Looking US, note riprap bank protection.

  16. AN ENGINEERED ROCKED RIFFLE FLOW 4 20 1 1 Largest stones are placed near crest and on downstream face but must be well-choked. Upstream face is in compression (due to flow)

  17. AN ENGINEERED ROCKED RIFFLE Newbury says the backwater should be 1/3 the total height of the structure to dissipate energy & pass sediment through the system. FLOW Physical model tests @ Colorado State University showed that the highest shear stress starts at the crest & goes for a distance of 1/6 of the downstream face length.

  18. ENGINEERED ROCK RIFFLES WITH ALL STONES IN COMPRESSIONTWO TYPES OF COMPRESSIONA: END TO END (typically track-walked in) B: IMBRICATE (to place in overlapping order like roof shingles)

  19. ENGINEERED ROCKED RIFFLES WITH STONE IN END-TO-END COMPRESSION, SAND CREEK, KANOPOLIS, KS.

  20. SAND CREEK @ THE FOOT OF KANOPOLIS DAM, KANSASLET’S BUILD ENGINEERED ROCKED RIFFLE #5 WITH ALL STONES IN END TO ENDCOMPRESSION (track-walked in)

  21. Typical Engineered Rocked Riffle (ERR) Vegetation Key Dig pool Pre-dig & over dig pool Glide ERR Key Bank protection

  22. Vegetation not planted in Sand Cr. ERR #5-too close to toe of dam Key Bank protection Dig pool Pre-dig & over dig pool Glide ERR Key Bank protection

  23. Building the downstream sloped section of the ERR. CONSTRUCTION-SAND CREEK-KANOPOLIS, KS. PIX BY DERRICK 7-14-2008

  24. STONE ENGINEERED ROCKED RIFFLE (ERR) FOR GRADE & HEADCUT STABILIZATION Profile view Flow 10 1 Downstream toe trench will be dug next

  25. Digging the DS trench for the ERR. CONSTRUCTION-SAND CREEK-KANOPOLIS, KS. PIX BY DERRICK 7-14-2008

  26. Looking across & DS. Stone in place but loose (not in compression) CONSTRUCTION-SAND CREEK-KANOPOLIS, KS. PIX BY DERRICK 7-14-2008

  27. Track walking so that stone is in end-to-end compression CONSTRUCTION-SAND CREEK-KANOPOLIS, KS. PIX BY DERRICK 7-14-2008

  28. Close-up of sloped section of ERR #5-stones in compression CONSTRUCTION-SAND CREEK-KANOPOLIS, KS. PIX BY DERRICK 7-14-2008

  29. Flow left to right, looking @ completed ERR #5. Very smooth. Keyed into both banks, but more so on the dam side, any key failure needs to be away from the dam. CONSTRUCTION-SAND CREEK-KANOPOLIS, KS. PIX BY DERRICK 7-14-2008

  30. MONTHS AFTER PROJECT COMPLETIONPhoto by GaroldSneegas February 3, 2009

  31. Happy fish in Sand Creek due to increase in water depths due to the ERR 7 MONTHS LATER-SAND CREEK-KANOPOLIS, KS. PIX BY GAROLD SNEEGAS 2-3-09

  32. MONTHS AFTER PROJECT COMPLETION • Photo by Derrick • APRIL 11, 2009

  33. 8 MONTHS LATER-Looking @ ERR #5. 8 MONTHS LATER-SAND CREEK-KANOPOLIS, KS. PIX BY DERRICK 4-11-09

  34. “BLOCKY”, SQUARE, ODD-SHAPED, OR RECTANGULAR SHAPED STONES ARE BETTER FOR END-TO-END COMPRESSION

  35. ERR over a sewer line on Cattaraugus Cr.@ Hurdville Rd Bridge. Stones in compression-most edge to edge Pix by Derrick 11/2007

  36. NYSDOT ROAD PROTECTION FOR ROUTE 248 – CHENUNDA CREEK, {suburban, gravel-cobble, pool-riffle-pool, meandering} SOUTH OF WELLSVILLE, NYCONSTRUCTED SEPTEMBER 2006.An ERR with integrated fish ladder !! Mini case study: 1 of 8

  37. Chenunda Creek, Willing, NY. Post construction 1/9/2007. Looking across at a 2-ft tall steep-sloped Engineered Rocked Riffle {ERR} with integrated fish passage ladder (ladder on far side of stream). ERR constructed of DOT Heavy {1,200 lb, max weight} stone, all stones set in compression. Pix By Derrick Mini case study: 2 of 8

  38. “SLABBY” FLAT STONES ARE BETTER FOR IMBRICATED COMPRESSION

  39. IMBRICATED (SHINGLED FLAT STONE) ENGINEERED ROCKED RIFFLE WITH INTEGRATED FISH LADDER Construction starts @ DS end. Dig trench. Place slabby stone in DS section of trench at angle shown with B {middle} axis parallel to flow, then stack stones in compression until crest elevation is reached. Flow Compression forces are transferred into the ground

  40. Post Construction 1/9/2007. Looking US at the ERR. Nice pool for fish passage along left bank Pix by Derrick Mini case study: 3 of 8

  41. INTEGRATED FISH LADDER At least two layers of stones are set in compression to form a pool on the downstream face of the ERR Flow Water surface elevation

  42. Post Construction 1/9/2007. Looking US & across, close-up of the fish ladder pool. Fish can burst to pool, then rest. Pix by Derrick Mini case study: 4 of 8

  43. Post Construction 1/9/2007. Looking across. Note nice “flat” water in fish ladder pool Pix by Derrick This is a work of art !! Mini case study: 5 of 8

  44. LOW LOW LOW FLOW 13 MONTHS AFTER CONSTRUCTIONPhotos by Dave Derrick OCTOBER 15, 2007

  45. 13 Months LATER-low flow. Looking across @ fish ladder. Many stones are underwater. Pix by Derrick 10/15/2007

  46. GRADE CONTROL STRUCTURES ALWAYS ALWAYS NEED BANK PROTECTION (usually the steepest slope & highest velocities in the entire stream)

  47. Looking US @ Oatka Cr., both banks failing at ERR. Pix by Dave Derrick 5/6/2008

  48. Looking US @ ERR, inadequate bank protection, Oatka Cr. Pix by Dave Derrick 5/6/2008

  49. Looking US @ bank failing @ ERR on Oatka Cr., NY. Pix by Dave Derrick 5/6/2008

  50. There is great info available on Newbury Rocked Riffles • TAKE A BOB NEWBURY CLASS!!! • http://ouc.collegestoreonline.com/ • http://www.newbury-hydraulics.com/workshops.htm • Bob Newbury’s out-of-print “Stream Analysis & Fish Habitat Design Manual” is available at ftp://ftp.lgl.com/pub/ under ‘Stream Analysis.pdf’ When constructing a series of Newbury RR Bob always puts a NRR “at grade” (buried) at the DS end of the project to protect against DS headcuts, max height of a NRR is 1.5 ft, and Bob always puts a tailwater of 1/3 the total height of the upstream NRR on the upstream NRR. This provides energy dissipation into the tailwater pool, & provides sediment continuity (sediment does not deposit between NRR’s and the stream does not meander and flank the DS NRR )

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