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Effects of Intensive Fertilization on the Growth of Interior Spruce

Effects of Intensive Fertilization on the Growth of Interior Spruce. Presentation to: Interior Fertilization Working Group February 5/13 (revised March 4/13). Typical pattern of growth response following “conventional” fertilization Type 1 response. Unfertilized.

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Effects of Intensive Fertilization on the Growth of Interior Spruce

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  1. Effects of Intensive Fertilization on the Growth of Interior Spruce Presentation to: Interior Fertilization Working Group February 5/13 (revised March 4/13)

  2. Typical pattern of growth response following “conventional” fertilizationType 1 response Unfertilized “Conventional” fertilization (Type 1) Fertilize

  3. Typical pattern of growth response following “conventional” fertilizationType 1 response Unfertilized “Conventional” fertilization (Type 1) Fertilize

  4. Typical pattern of growth response following “intensive” fertilizationType 2 response Unfertilized “Conventional” fertilization (Type 1) “Intensive” fertilization (Type 2) Fertilize

  5. Effects of yearly fertilization on the growth of Norway spruce in northern Sweden from Bergh et al. (2005)

  6. Relationship between stem wood production and light interception by forest canopy

  7. How can light interception be maximized?

  8. How can light interception be maximized? • Increase the length of the growing season

  9. How can light interception be maximized? • Increase the length of the growing season • Increase the amount of leaf area

  10. How can light interception be maximized? • Increase the length of the growing season • Increase the amount of leaf area • Leaf area is strongly influenced by nutrient availability

  11. Relationship between annual volume growth and leaf area

  12. Relationship between annual volume growth and leaf area Current

  13. Relationship between annual volume growth and leaf area Potential Current

  14. “Maximum Productivity” fertilization researchEP 886.13 • Objectives • determine the effects of different regimes and frequencies of repeated fertilization on the growth and development of young, managed interior spruce and lodgepole pine forests

  15. “Maximum Productivity” fertilization researchEP 886.13 • Objectives • determine the effects of different regimes and frequencies of repeated fertilization on the growth and development of young, managed interior spruce and lodgepole pine forests • document the long-term effects of intensive, repeated fertilization on above- and below-ground timber and non-timber resources

  16. Interior spruce study sites Crow Creek • SBSmc2 • 10 years old, planted

  17. Interior spruce study sites Crow Creek • SBSmc2 • 10 years old, planted Lodi Lake • SBSwk1 • 11 years old, planted

  18. Interior spruce study sites Crow Creek • SBSmc2 • 10 years old, planted Lodi Lake • SBSwk1 • 11 years old, planted Hand Lake • SBSmk1 • 14 years old, planted

  19. Treatments • Control • N+B • N+S+B • “Complete blend” • Optimum Nutrition 1 (1.3%N) • Optimum Nutrition 2 (1.6%N) every 6 years

  20. Foliar nitrogen by treatment and year Crow Creek (Brockley2010)

  21. Foliar nitrogen by treatment and year Lodi Lake (Unpubl. data)

  22. Foliar nitrogen by treatment and year Hand Lake (Brockleyunpubl.)

  23. Foliar nitrogen by treatment and yearCrow Creek (Brockley 2010)

  24. Foliar nitrogen by treatment and yearLodi Lake (Unpubl. data)

  25. 18-year tree height increment by treatmentCrow Creek (Unpubl. data) c b a

  26. 12-year tree height increment by treatmentLodi Lake (Unpubl. data) b

  27. 18-year stand volume increment by treatmentCrow Creek (Unpubl. data) c b a

  28. 12-year stand volume increment by treatmentLodi Lake (Unpubl. data) c b

  29. 18-year stand volume development by treatment Crow Creek (Unpubl. data)

  30. 18-year stand volume development by treatment Crow Creek (Unpubl. data)

  31. 18-year stand volume development by treatment Crow Creek (Unpubl. data)

  32. 18-year stand volume development by treatment Crow Creek (Unpubl. data)

  33. 18-year stand volume development by treatment Crow Creek (Unpubl. data)

  34. 12-year stand volume development by treatment Lodi Lake (Unpubl. data)

  35. 12-year stand volume development by treatment Lodi Lake (Unpubl. data)

  36. 12-year stand volume development by treatment Lodi Lake (Unpubl. data)

  37. 12-year stand volume development by treatment Lodi Lake (Unpubl. data)

  38. 12-year stand volume development by treatment Lodi Lake (Unpubl. data)

  39. Effects of yearly fertilization on the growth of Norway spruce in northern Sweden from Bergh et al. (2005)

  40. Effects of yearly fertilization on the growth of Norway spruce in northern Sweden from Bergh et al. (2005)

  41. Effects of 20 years of annual fertilization on the growth of Norway spruce in central SwedenTamm (1991)

  42. But …

  43. 12-year tree height increment by treatmentHand Lake (Unpubl. data) a

  44. 12-year stand volume increment by treatmentHand Lake (Unpubl. data) b a

  45. 12-year stand volume development by treatment Hand Lake (Unpubl. data)

  46. 12-year stand volume development by treatment Hand Lake (Unpubl. data)

  47. 12-year stand volume development by treatment Hand Lake (Unpubl. data)

  48. 12-year stand volume development by treatment Hand Lake (Unpubl. data)

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