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Chapter 23

Section 4 Napoleon’s Empire Collapses. Chapter 23. The Continental System. 1806, Napoleon set up a blockade (closing ports) Prevented trade and communication between Great Britain and other European countries Called Continental System. Cont. Britain started own blockade in response

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Chapter 23

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  1. Section 4 Napoleon’s Empire Collapses Chapter 23

  2. The Continental System • 1806, Napoleon set up a blockade (closing ports) • Prevented trade and communication between Great Britain and other European countries • Called Continental System

  3. Cont • Britain started own blockade in response • Britain better at blockade because had better navy • Stopped neutral ships and forced them to port at Britain • This upset US and started war of 1812

  4. The Peninsular War • Wanted to get Portugal to follow Continental System • Went through Spain, they got mad, put own brother to throne • Spanish guerrillas fought back for 6 yrs • Britain helped, France lost 300,000 men during this war

  5. The Invasion of Russia • Most disastrous mistake was the invasion of Russia in 1812 • Alexander I retreated back while having a scorched-earth policy • Burning of farm land and killing of live stock • Alexander went back to Moscow, Napoleon followed

  6. Cont • Facing certain defeat, Alexander retreated again, burned down Moscow before he left • Weather started getting bad, France starts to retreat , Russians attack • French army fell from 420,000 to 10,000

  7. Napoleon’s Downfall • All the main powers of Europe declare war on France (Britain, Russia, Prussia, Sweden, and Austria) • Starts in 1813, by 1814 the allied armies pushed toward Paris • Prussia and Russia march through Paris • April 14, accepts surrender

  8. The Hundred Days • Louis XVIII (Louis XVI’s brother) took over, but was unpopular amongst peasants • Napoleon was exiled in Elba, now he escaped to regain power (March 1815) • Battle at Waterloo, France vs Britain and Prussia

  9. Cont • Napoleon is defeated, this time shipped to St. Helena • Dies in 1821 • His last bid of power is called the Hundred Days

  10. Congress of Vienna • Congress of Vienna was from 1814-1815 amongst Russia, Prussia, Austria, Great Britain, and France • Tried to restore order and establish a lasting peace • Wanted a balance of powers so one country doesn’t get to strong • Didn’t punish France too bad • Restored many of the Monarchs from before

  11. New Countries • Germany started to be formed • Austrian Netherlands and the Dutch Republic became the Kingdom of Netherlands • Switzerland was recognized as independent • Mexico got independence • Brazil got independence

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