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Proctor and Lynch 1994, p. 247

Avian Nervous Systems. Peripheral (PNS), Central (CNS), Autonomic (ANS). Proctor and Lynch 1994, p. 247. A) NEURON. 1. Neuron Junctions: Synapse Neurotransmitters. 3. Types of Neurons:. Interneurons, Sensory Neurons, Motor Neurons. 4. Simple Reflex. 5. Complex Reflex.

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Proctor and Lynch 1994, p. 247

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  1. Avian Nervous Systems Peripheral (PNS), Central (CNS), Autonomic (ANS) Proctor and Lynch 1994, p. 247

  2. A) NEURON 1

  3. Neuron Junctions: • Synapse • Neurotransmitters 3

  4. Types of Neurons: Interneurons, Sensory Neurons, Motor Neurons 4

  5. Simple Reflex 5

  6. Complex Reflex Fig. 4-29 in Podulka et al. 2004

  7. NEURON TERMINOLOGY Peripheral Nervous System Central Nervous System Autonomic Nervous System Cell Body Dendrite Axon Myelin Sheath Axon Terminal Synapse Neurotransmitter Sensory Neuron Motor Neuron Interneuron Simple Reflex Complex Reflex

  8. CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS)

  9. CNS: Tracts and Nuclei (White Matter and Gray Matter)

  10. CNS: Neuroglia

  11. CNS: Meninges Dura, Arachnoid, Pia

  12. CNS: Brain b) c) Fig. 4-31 in Podulka et al. 2004

  13. CNS: Brain Structure

  14. CNS: Forebrain • Memory • Learning • Smell Olfactory Lobe, Cerebral Hemispheres, Hypothalamus, Pituitary Gland Fig. 4-31 in Podulka et al. 2004

  15. 9 8

  16. CNS: Midbrain Vision Hearing Optic Lobes, Optic Tracts

  17. CNS: Cerebellum, Medulla Oblongata Equilibrium Posture Motor Control (i.e., Flight) ----------------------------------- Breathing Heart Rate Blood Pressure

  18. CNS: Vertebrate Brain Comparison Fig. 4-32 in Podulka et al. 1994

  19. CNS: Spinal Cord Fig. 4-33 in Podulka et al. 2004

  20. PNS: Cervical and Lumbosacral Enlargements Rhomboid Sinus, Glycogen Body

  21. CNS TERMINOLOGY Forebrain Cerebral Lobes Olfactory Lobe Midbrain Cerebellum Medulla Oblongata Cervical Enlargement Lumbosacral Enlargment Rhomboid Sinus Glycogen Body Brain Spinal Cord Tracts (White Matter) Nuclei (Gray Matter) Neuroglia Meninges Dura Arachnoid Pia

  22. PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (PNS)

  23. PNS: Nerves Nerve Fibers, Fascicles, Nerves

  24. PNS: Ganglia

  25. PNS: Cranial Nerves (12 Pairs)

  26. PNS: Spinal Nerves I (39-51 Pairs) Proctor and Lynch 1993, p. 247

  27. PNS: Spinal Nerves II (Dorsal and Ventral Spinal Nerves) Dorsal Root Ganglia (Dorsal Sensory Nerve, Dorsal Root Ganglia, Ventral Motor Nerve)

  28. PNS: Brachial Plexus, Lumbosacral Plexus Fig. 4-34 in Podulka et al. 2004

  29. PNS Terminology • Nerve • Fascicle • Nerve Fiber • Ganglia • Cranial Nerve (12 pairs) • Spinal Nerve (variable number: 39-51 pairs) • Brachial Plexus • Lumbosacral Plexus

  30. AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM (ANS) p. 249 in Proctor and Lynch 1993

  31. ANS: Sympathetic System (Thoracic and Lumbar Regions) Conspicuous Ganglia Fig. 4-35 in Podulka et al. 2004

  32. AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM (ANS) (Sympathetic Trunk) p. 249 in Proctor and Lynch 1993

  33. ANS: Parasympathetic System (Cranial and Sacral Regions) Inconspicuous Ganglia Fig. 4-35 in Podulka et al. 2004

  34. ANS Terminology • Two Neuron Chains • Sympathetic Nervous System • Sympathetic Ganglia • Sympathetic Trunk • “Fight or Flight” Response • Parasympathetic Nervous System • Parasympathetic Ganglia • Relaxation Response

  35. 1 http://www.mikearauz.com/images/myelin.jpg 2 http://www.sci-recovery.org/images/synapse.gif 3 http://www.medanimations.com/illustrations/illus_images/neuronSynapse.jpg 4 http://lpmpjogja.diknas.go.id/kc/b/brain/brain-neuron-types.gif 5 http://www.yachigusaryu.com/blog/pics/top_ten_principles/3/ image005.jpg 6 http://graphics8.nytimes.com/images/2007/08/01/health/adam/18117.jpg 7 http://www.free-ed.net/sweethaven/MedTech/Physiology/007fig1202.jpg 8 http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/554images/kiwi_nostril2.png 9 http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2006/02/images/060217_kiwi.jpg 10 http://kaweahoaks.com/html/raven01.jpg 11 http://www.pocanticohills.org/4thgrade/06/399px-Buberel_Gray_parrot.jpg 12 http://www.blogfabulous.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/11/rooster.jpg

  36. 14 http://www.ice.co.za/images/photos/Birds/DSC_5605a-phalarope-wilsons.jpg 15 http://dwrcdc.nr.utah.gov/rsgis2/images/Photos/loxicurv.jpg 16 http://www.dkimages.com/discover/previews/915/55047593.JPG 17 http://www.admin.ox.ac.uk/po/graphics/crowtool.jpg 18 http://www.sciam.com/media/inline/6B81B7F7-E7F2-99DF- 39863302C45E0D3B_1.jpg 19 http://www.birds.cornell.edu/crows/images/BeWRENcth.jpg 20 http://www.sciencedaily.com/images/2007/08/070821092943.jpg 21 http://www.7seas-whalewatch.com/Wilson's%20Storm%20Petrel%20 feed%20copy.JPG 22 http://www.kiroastro.com/images/manan/9023b.jpg 23 http://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/explorations/04fire/logs/hirez/zooplankton_hirez.jpg 24 http://www.audubon.org/bird/puffin/virtual/pics/lesp_nest.jpg 25 http://www.audubon.org/bird/puffin/virtual/stormpetrel.html 26 http://www.oceanwanderers.com/Prionflock.1.JPG

  37. 27 http://www.eurekalert.org/features/kids/images/prion020905_1.jpg 28 http://www.eurekalert.org/features/kids/images/prion020905_2.jpg 29 http://www.pigeon.psy.tufts.edu/asc/balda/Used%20Images/pine_seed_cache _exposed_by_author_sml.png 30 http://www.kahle.org/tweeters/images/clarks.jpg 31 http://www.gotpetsonline.com/pictures-gallery/bird-pictures-breeders- chicks/pigeon-pictures-breeders-chicks/pictures/pigeon-0021.jpg 32 http://www.5bbc.org/images/2006/20061021a_pigeons_large.jpg 33 http://www.pelicannetwork.net/images.banding/VWS.Mike.Nellie.close.net.jpg 34 http://www.taiga.net/yourYukon/col139.jpg 35 http://pie.midco.net/tigerbeetle/TigerBeetle/miscphotos/Colorado/ Wilson's%20warbler.jpg 36 http://www.statesymbolsusa.org/IMAGES/Oregon/western_meadowlark4.jpg 37 http://www.hiltonpond.org/images/NuthatchWhiteBreastSeed01.jpg

  38. 38 http://www.ucsc.edu/currents/02-03/art/coot-nest.200.03-04-07.JPG 39 http://www.amonline.net.au/factsheets/images/eurasian_coot_nest.jpg 40 http://kaweahoaks.com/html/raven01.jpg 41 http://fohn.net/monarch-butterfly-pictures/monarch-butterfly_800x600.jpg 42 http://www.svbnc.org/images/Mourning%20Cloak.jpg 43 http://www.hse.k12.in.us/staff/cvanalstine/images/blue%20jay.jpg 44 http://www.naturephoto-cz.com/photos/birds/carrion-crow-2612.jpg 45 http://www.hiltonpond.org/images/WalnutBlack01.jpg 46 http://economistsview.typepad.com/photos/uncategorized/minime62806.gif 47 http://www.birdingmaine.com/images/PP/american_crow_flight.jpg 48 http://images.jupiterimages.com/common/detail/99/51/22845199.jpg 49 http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v431/n7004/images/431039a-f1.2.jpg 50 http://www.admin.ox.ac.uk/po/graphics/crowtool.jpg

  39. 51 http://www.radiology.ucsf.edu/research/images/mrn1.jpg

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