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HISTORY - INDIA

HISTORY - INDIA. LESSON #4. Indus River Valley Civilizations. Dravidian Era (3000 B.C. - 1500 B.C.) dark skinned people (Dravidians) no written records: artifacts for studying polytheistic: worshipped animals CLOSE TO RIVER Food transportation. Invasions and Integration (mixing).

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HISTORY - INDIA

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  1. HISTORY - INDIA LESSON #4

  2. Indus River Valley Civilizations • Dravidian Era (3000 B.C. - 1500 B.C.) • dark skinned people (Dravidians) • no written records: artifacts for studying • polytheistic: worshipped animals • CLOSE TO RIVER • Food • transportation

  3. Invasions and Integration (mixing) • Aryans: fair skin • racist: no mixing w/ Dravidians • create caste system • stories (Vedas) - passed down by oral tradition • stories later written in Sanskrit Dravidian Aryan

  4. Quick Quiz • Why would a civilization appear near to a river? • How are Aryans different from Dravidians? • What is a Veda?

  5. Muslim & Mongols (Mughals) • Muslim Empire (750 – 1500) • lower castes embraced Islam • Gave rise to Sikhs: Muslims with adaptations of Hinduism • Mughal Empire (1200s) • Most famous: Shah Jihan TajMahalto MumtazMahal (she had died after 14th child) click

  6. Quick Quiz • Describe what the Taj looks like. • What IS the Taj Mahal? • How many people are IN the Taj today?

  7. European Invasion 1. Age of European Imperialism (1500s – 1947) • 1498 – Portugal • 1707 – Dutch East India company French Mississippi Company British East India Company took Western Cities of India – hired SEPOYS to help in fight (Indian soldiers) • 1857 – Sepoys rebelled – led to general rebellion 2. Britain annexed India Queen Victoria became EMPRESS VICTORIA Next 100 yrs – British ruled India forced Indian farmers to grow cash crops

  8. European Dominance of India

  9. European Interest & Trade with India SPICES TEA OPIUM

  10. Indian Assimilation Schools, hospitals, roads, railroads Cash Crops English Language

  11. Rebellion by Indians Sepoy Rebellion, 1857 • Sepoys were Indians hired to be soldiers • British merchants hired them for protection • British government started using them as military • Sepoys rebelled • The guns were loaded with cartridges • Cartridges were coated with animal fat • Indians didn’t want to bite into animals

  12. English Annexation of India (Start of the “British Raj”) 1858-1947 • Britain saw the danger of trusting Sepoys as their main military in India • British government annexed India • Goal: greater control • This ended Indian independence • Indians would now be treated as slaves Empress Victoria Queen Victoria

  13. Quick Quiz • What nation came to annex India? • What was a Sepoy? • Who is Victoria (to India)?

  14. Indian Independence Indian Independence (1910-1947) 1920s – Mohandas Gandhi organized mass mobilization Complete non-cooperation with British 1940s – Muslims demanded their own nation – Civil War 1947 (15 August) – two nations formed 10,000,000 uprooted by partition 1 mil. Deaths in civil war Expulsions, riot, killings, refugees, racism Kashmir still not settled

  15. IndianNationalism Salt March Mohandas Gandhi (Mahatma) Civil Disobedience Shame British into leaving Dressed like a commoner

  16. Disaster in the Indian Nationalism • AMRITSAR MASSACRE:British troops open-fired on peaceful Indian protesters • In 10 min., 379 were killed & 1,100 were wounded

  17. Indian Independence

  18. Quick Quiz • What did Gandhi do for Indians in India? • What type of “attack” did he encourage? • What two “sides” fought in the Civil War?

  19. Modern India Jawaharlal Nehru 1947-1964 Rajiv Gandhi Son of Indira 1984-1989 Indira Gandhi Daughter of Nehru 1955-1977. 1980-1984 assassinated Dr. Manmohan Singh 2004-present

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