Production of Chemicals and Materials in Future Pulp Mill Biorefineries

1. Production of Chemicals and Materials in Future Pulp Mill Biorefineries Karin Lindgren, Innventia

2. INNVENTIA AB • Staff 270 • Swedish R&D company • Serving customers globally • Pulp, paper, packaging, printing, new materials and biorefining Karin Lindgren, Production of Chemicals and Materials in Future Pulp Mill Biorefineries

3. Chemical pulping process Source: Aker Kvaerner

4. Biorefinery – Simultaneous production of fibres, energy and chemicals • Increasing costs • Energy and wood • Decreasing trend prices on pulp • Biorefinery is the solution • Handling of large volumes of biomass • New pulp mill products • New efficient separation processes • Add “side” processes • Innventia approach • Kraft/soda pulp mill platform • Focus on the major components • Efficient separation process and mill integration Lignin carbon fibres Karin Lindgren, Production of Chemicals and Materials in Future Pulp Mill Biorefineries

5. Cellulose

6. Wood/plants- a mine for valuable polymersCellulose Karin Lindgren, Production of Chemicals and Materials in Future Pulp Mill Biorefineries

7. Cellulose Products NanoCellulose Kraft Pulp Fibres Fibre PLA Composite Transparent Films Karin Lindgren, Production of Chemicals and Materials in Future Pulp Mill Biorefineries

8. Lignin from black liquor - LignoBoost

9. 50% of the wood ends up in cooking liquor Cellulose products Pulp Wood to kraft pulp mill Carbohydrates Black liquor Extractives Lignin 55-60 % of energy goes into the black liquor Karin Lindgren, Production of Chemicals and Materials in Future Pulp Mill Biorefineries

10. Wood/plants – a mine for valuable polymers- lignin Physical/chemical properties vary with species and process Karin Lindgren, Production of Chemicals and Materials in Future Pulp Mill Biorefineries

11. The LignoBoost process Lignin IN Replacement of fossil fuel in lime kilns 50 L fuel oil ptp can be saved Lignin OUT Recovery Boiler Evaporation Lime Kiln Digester Wood Wood Chips Bleaching Pulp/Paper Karin Lindgren, Production of Chemicals and Materials in Future Pulp Mill Biorefineries

12. The LignoBoost process Karin Lindgren, Production of Chemicals and Materials in Future Pulp Mill Biorefineries

13. LignoBoost lignin – a new material Typical composition, % C 64 - 66 Na 0.05 - 0.4 Ash 0.3 - 1 S 1 - 3 N 0.1 Karin Lindgren, Production of Chemicals and Materials in Future Pulp Mill Biorefineries

15. Metso filter in Innventias lignin demo plant VPA 1040 24 chambers 1-1.2 t lignin/h Karin Lindgren, Production of Chemicals and Materials in Future Pulp Mill Biorefineries

16. Fossil fuel in pulpmill lime kilns In Sweden ca 300.000 tonneoil/year Karin Lindgren, Production of Chemicals and Materials in Future Pulp Mill Biorefineries

17. Carbonfibres - High valueapplication of lignin • Construction material in composites • Light Weight • High Strength and Modulus • High Resistans to Heat and Corrosion Expensive Karin Lindgren, Production of Chemicals and Materials in Future Pulp Mill Biorefineries

18. Oil or renewable Karin Lindgren, Production of Chemicals and Materials in Future Pulp Mill Biorefineries

19. Manufacturing process of carbon fibres Raw material Karin Lindgren, Production of Chemicals and Materials in Future Pulp Mill Biorefineries

20. Carbonfibres from lignin Karin Lindgren, Production of Chemicals and Materials in Future Pulp Mill Biorefineries

21. 650 000 ton pulp/year Lignin can make difference … 16 000 ton carbonfibres 10% lignin extracted = 33 000 ton …canreplace 40 % steel in 160.000 cars Karin Lindgren, Production of Chemicals and Materials in Future Pulp Mill Biorefineries

22. Activatedcarbon from lignin • Water and gas cleaning • Main industrialsourcecoal • Physical and chemicalactivation • Surface area up to 3000 m3/g Karin Lindgren, Production of Chemicals and Materials in Future Pulp Mill Biorefineries

23. Phenols from lignin Karin Lindgren, Production of Chemicals and Materials in Future Pulp Mill Biorefineries

24. Hemicellulose from black liquor, chips, saw dust and forestry residues

25. Wood/plants – a mine for valuable polymers- Hemicelluloses • Glucomannan degrades in alkali • Xylan is relatively stable in alkali Karin Lindgren, Production of Chemicals and Materials in Future Pulp Mill Biorefineries

26. Chip leaching* for salt and hemicellulose removal Developed for pre-treatment prior to kraft pulping Leaching liquor (acid or alkaline) Chip kidney Wood chips To processing • pulping • pelletizing • gasification Polymerichemicelluloseand inorganicions *Protected by patents: WO2004/050983, US2005/0034823, WO03/046276 Karin Lindgren, Production of Chemicals and Materials in Future Pulp Mill Biorefineries

27. Xylan from black liquor • Industrial ultrafiltration trials with in-line ceramic membrane 2007 • Laboratory membrane filtration unit at Innventia since 2003 Principal outline of mill trial: Wood chips Unbleached pulp Karin Lindgren, Production of Chemicals and Materials in Future Pulp Mill Biorefineries

28. Polymeric Xylan from black liquor Karin Lindgren, Production of Chemicals and Materials in Future Pulp Mill Biorefineries

29. O O O O H H O O H O O H O H O O H O O H O H O O SW fibre O O H H O O O O H O H O H O O O H O H O O H O H O O O O H H O O O H ( Z ) O H O H O H O O C H O O O O H H O O O O O O H O H O O H H O H O O O O H O O H H O O O H O H O H O O Potential hemicellulose applications Fiber additives Gas barriers Other applications Hydrogels Polymers (PLA) Xylitol, furfural Sugar acids Emulsifiers Carboxymethylation 4-5 times higher surface charge Karin Lindgren, Production of Chemicals and Materials in Future Pulp Mill Biorefineries

30. Wood xylan feedstock for lactic acid and PLA Hemicelluloses (glucomannan and/or xylan) Acidic or enzyme hydrolysis Pentoses and hexoses Fermentation or alkaline oxidation Polylactide (PLA) Polymerization Lactic acid Karin Lindgren, Production of Chemicals and Materials in Future Pulp Mill Biorefineries

31. 2G Ethanol from forestry residues

32. 2G Ethanol • Acid/enzymatic pretreatment OR • Alkaline preteatment • can handle all wood/forestry residues/annual plants • good separation of cellulose and lignin • established technology Karin Lindgren, Production of Chemicals and Materials in Future Pulp Mill Biorefineries

33. Alkaline route from wood to ethanol Forestry Residues Ethanol Alkaline fractionation Hydrolysis, Fermentation & Distillation CO2 Lignin Separation Sulphur-Free Lignin Chemicals Recovery Energy Recovery Electric Power Karin Lindgren, Production of Chemicals and Materials in Future Pulp Mill Biorefineries

34. Tested in mill and pilot scale trials 70 t soda pulp produced 40 m3 pulp suspension used 700 litres of ethanol produced S-free lignin produced 2G Ethanol- Alkaline ProcessWill it work in practice? Yes! Karin Lindgren, Production of Chemicals and Materials in Future Pulp Mill Biorefineries

35. The Future Wood/Agri Pulp Mill Biorefinery- many options available Integrated Energy System Pulp & Cellulose Fibre processing Pulpwood Black liquor Heat & Power Chemicals and materials Primary treat-ment Conver-sion Forestry/agri residues Conver-sion Biofuels Karin Lindgren, Production of Chemicals and Materials in Future Pulp Mill Biorefineries

36. Possible time frame for commercialization Karin Lindgren, Production of Chemicals and Materials in Future Pulp Mill Biorefineries

37. The pulpmill biorefinery Energy Chemicals/Materials • Phenols • Carbonfiber • Binders • Dispersants • Activatedcarbon Lignin Lignin Cellulose Bark Forestry residues • DME • Ethanol • FT-diesel • Biooil • Heat • Electricity • Solid fuel • Lignin Hemi- cellulose • Fiberadditives • Barriers • Hydrogels Cellulose • Fibers • Derivatives • Nanocellulose Extractives • Functionalpolymers • Bioactivecompounds Karin Lindgren, Production of Chemicals and Materials in Future Pulp Mill Biorefineries

38. Thank you for the attention Karin Lindgren, Production of Chemicals and Materials in Future Pulp Mill Biorefineries