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Understanding RAM: Types, Installation, and Performance Tips

This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of Random Access Memory (RAM), focusing on different RAM packaging types, varieties of DRAM, and proper installation techniques. Learn about SDRAM, RDRAM, and DDR SDRAM, including their speeds and applications in modern systems. We discuss how to identify if you need more RAM based on system performance indicators, and provide step-by-step instructions for installing DIMMs. Explore the nuances of dual-channel architecture and how RAM organization impacts performance.

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Understanding RAM: Types, Installation, and Performance Tips

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Presentation Transcript

  1. YouTube Tuesday

  2. RAM

  3. Overview • In this chapter, you will learn how to • Identify the different types of RAM packaging • Explain the varieties of DRAM • Install RAM properly • http://youtu.be/52O-KfPgoNo

  4. DRAM

  5. Program Execution • Program code is copied from your hard disk into RAM before it is executed… • http://youtu.be/Ye6W6mMSPl0

  6. DRAM • DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory) is the most popular type of electronic memory • Special type of semiconductor that stores individual 1’s and 0’s using microscopic capacitors and transistors

  7. Organizing DRAM • DRAM is considered as the standard RAM due to its low cost, high speed, and ability to store data in a relatively small package • The RAM stores programs and data in 8-bit (1-byte) chunks of memory • DRAM chips are always referenced with respect to their depth and width • 1 Meg x 4 • 256 K x 1

  8. Organizing DRAM • The depth and width are measured in units of bits • They can only be differentiated using the information printed on the chip itself • The physical size and the internal organization of the chip are not directly correlated

  9. RAM Sticks

  10. DIMM (Dual Inline Memory Module) • The 168-pin DIMM is the most popular DRAM package in use today • Extra pins to handle functions such as buffering and ECC • 144-pin SO-DIMMs (Small Outline) are used in laptops

  11. SDRAM • SDRAM (Synchronous Dynamic Random Access RAM) are tied to the system clocks • Faster than DRAMs • Only available on DIMMs • Use clock speed instead of access speed • SDRAM is always a DIMM, but a DIMM isn’t always SDRAM

  12. RDRAM • RDRAM (Rambus DRAM) is a new type of RAM • Speeds of up to 800 MHz • Comes on sticks called RIMMs • 184-pin for desktops and 160-pin SO-RIMM for laptops

  13. DDR SDRAM (Double Data Rate) • DDR SDRAM (Double Data Rate SDRAM) doubles the throughput of SDRAM • 184-pin DIMM packages • Speed of 200 or 266 MH. • Used in lower-end systems

  14. Dual-Channel Architecture • Dual-channel architectures use two sticks of RAM together to increase throughput • Double-sided SIMMs/DIMMs • Double-side sticks have chips on both sides

  15. Do You Need RAM? • Two symptoms point to needing more RAM • General system sluggishness • Disk thrashing or excessive hard drive accessing

  16. Installing DIMMs • Swing the side tabs away from upright • Push the DIMM down somewhat hard – the two tabs should move back into place

  17. Check the RAM • A halt before the RAM check could indicate improperly installed RAM

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