Fragments

1. Chapter 5 Fragments English Brushup, 5E John Langan

2. Sentence Fragments • A sentence fragment is a group of words that is punctuated as a sentence but is not grammatically correct. • A sentence fragment may lack a subject, a verb, or an independent clause. • The wind velocity in hurricanes and monsoons. • The winds raging in hurricanes and monsoons.

3. Sentence Fragments To check for a sentence fragment: • Locate the subject. • Locate the verb. • Inspires many poets and song writers. (This lacks a subject.) • The pleasant weather of May. (This lacks a verb.)

4. Dependent-Word Fragments • A clause that begins with a subordinator (or dependent word) is a dependent clause. • These examples are not independent clauses. • If a tornado sweeps across the plains. • Becausesnow is beautiful in the moonlight. • Correct a dependent-word fragment by connecting it to the sentence that comes before or after it. • Ifa tornado sweeps across the plains, it may cause much damage.

5. -ing and -to Fragments • Fragment may result when -ingor toappears at or near the beginning of a word group. • -ing Fragment: • Jogging in the park on a beautiful day. • -to Fragment: • To take advantage of sunlight in photography.

6. -ing and -to Fragments • There are two ways to correct –ing and –to fragments: • #1 Connect the fragment to the sentence it explains. • Jogging in the park on a beautiful day, Joshua saw many people out on picnics. • #2 Create a complete sentence by adding a subject and a verb to the fragment. • Joshua went to the park to take advantage of the sunlight in his photography.

7. Added-Detail Fragments • Added-detail fragments lack a subject and a verb, and may begin with the words like, including, especially, also, for example, for instance, except, without, orsuch as. • We’ve all gotten very good at knitting. Especially Mary. • There are many types of yarn. For example, alpaca yarn. • You can correct added-detail fragments the same way you’d correct –ing and –to fragments.

8. Missing-Subject Fragments • Missing-subject fragments lack a subject. • Jim is great at squash. Beat the entire class. • The band is trying to get record deal by playing many gigs. And calling labels to set up meetings. • Correct missing-subject fragments by adding them to the sentence they follow or adding a subject to the sentence. • Jim is great at squash. He beat the entire class. • The band is trying to get a record deal by playing many gigs and calling labels to set up meetings.

9. Sentence Fragments Decide whether each sentence group is a correct sentence or if it is a sentence fragment. (Click to see the answer.) Fragment My Aunt Marie being a good cook.

10. Sentence Fragments Decide whether each sentence group is a correct sentence or if it is a sentence fragment. Correct She can spend hours reading a cook book.

11. Sentence Fragments Decide whether each sentence group is a correct sentence or if it is a sentence fragment. Although she says that she doesn’t like to read. Fragment

12. Sentence Fragments Decide whether each sentence group is a correct sentence or if it is a sentence fragment. Special desserts such as pecan pies, chocolate cheese-cakes, and pumpkin cake roll. Fragment

13. Sentence Fragments Decide whether each sentence group is a correct sentence or if it is a sentence fragment. Aunt Marie’s desserts are not for those who are watching their diet. Correct

14. Sentence Fragments Decide whether each sentence group is a correct sentence or if it is a sentence fragment. Filled with cream and sugar, these delicacies contain hundreds of calories. Correct

15. Sentence Fragments Decide whether each sentence group is a correct sentence or if it is a sentence fragment. It often seems that any food item that tastes good is fattening. Correct

16. Sentence Fragments Decide whether each sentence group is a correct sentence or if it is a sentence fragment. For example, ice cream and chocolate cake. Fragment