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Introduction to GIS/GPS

Introduction to GIS/GPS. Mr. Canada World Geography Burris Laboratory School. KEY WORDS. GIS GIS Data Spatial Data Accuracy vs. Precision Scale Projection. GPS ArcGIS Online Table of Contents Layer(s) Feature(s). What is GIS?. G eographic I nformation S ystem. GIS Explained.

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Introduction to GIS/GPS

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  1. Introduction to GIS/GPS Mr. Canada World Geography Burris Laboratory School

  2. KEY WORDS • GIS • GIS Data • Spatial Data • Accuracy vs. Precision • Scale • Projection • GPS • ArcGISOnline • Table of Contents • Layer(s) • Feature(s)

  3. What is GIS? Geographic Information System

  4. GIS Explained • In short: “computerized mapping software” • GIS is a set of software and tools used to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, and display spatial data. • In this class, we will explore capturing and displaying spatial data

  5. Demographics

  6. Environmental / Natural Disasters

  7. Politics

  8. Understanding GIS Data • GIS represents the real world using three types of geometry : • Points • Lines • Polygons / Areas • OR cells • Raster - graphic images

  9. Brainstorm! What are some other examples of points, lines, and polygons?

  10. What is Spatial Data? Data that has reference to a location on Earth

  11. Spatial Data Components • Projection: the method by which the curved 3-D surface of the earth is represented by X,Y coordinates on a 2-D flat map/screen • Distortion is inevitable! • Scale: the ratio of distance on a map to the equivalent distance on the ground • Accuracy: how well data matches the real world • Precision: reproducibility of data

  12. High accuracy, low precision Low accuracy, high precision

  13. Why GIS is Important • GIS adds “space” to research dimensions • Geographical significance & patterns • Does location make any difference? • i.e. Real estate – location, location, location.. • Are there any patterns? • i.e. Migration patterns? How did the disease spread? • Geographical relationships • Are A and B in this location related? • i.e. Crime rate and average housing value • Prediction & Information management • How many people will be affected by flooding?

  14. GPS Exercise Friday April 11th and Monday April 14th

  15. What is GPS? Global Positioning System

  16. GPS Receivers • Handheld devices using satellite signals to calculate location • Latitude: distance North / South of the Equator • 90 degrees = Poles • 0 degree = Equator • Longitude: distance East / West of the Prime Meridian • 0 degree = Prime Meridian (Greenwich, UK) • 180 degrees = International Date Line

  17. How to Read Lat / Long • Degrees, Minutes, Seconds • 0 – 90 degrees North / South • 0 – 180 degrees East / West • 60 Minutes in a degree • 60 Seconds in a minute 43°52'49'' N, 103°27'33'' W

  18. Activity Description • Identify locations on Ball State campus using Garmin GPS receivers, given only latitude and longitude points • Coordinate points are predetermined! • All locations will be south of Riverside Ave

  19. Using Your Garmin • “Hot” and “Cold” • Watch your latitude and longitude points shift until you have reached your location

  20. Directions • Turn on your receiver by holding down the power button on the right-hand side (you will hear a beep) • Use the Page button to navigate to the screen with “Speed” “Elevation” and “Location” • “Location” is what you will be using *The main menu has other features! Navigate using the joystick!

  21. Reminders • We will be going outside THIS FRIDAY and NEXT MONDAY • Dress accordingly for the weather • Jacket if it’s cold • Closed toe shoes • Dates are subject to change • Sign up for receivers!

  22. Mapping Exercise Thursday April 17th and Friday April 18th

  23. ArcGIS Online • Web-based mapping program used to create maps, explore data, and share maps online

  24. Contents of a Map • Table of Contents: Area that organizes map data • Layer: visual representation of a geographic dataset in any digital map environment • Feature: A representation of a real-world object on a map • “Place” on the map • Attribute Table: A database or tabular file containing information about a set of geographic features

  25. Activity Description • Create a walking tour map of Ball State University in ArcGIS Online using the following criteria: • Tour must begin and end at the Administration Building • Major roadways may not be used, sidewalks only! • Tour must be between 3 and 8 kilometers in length (hint: use the measure tool) • Tour must include 3 of the featured point locations from our field day • Map must be emailed to instructors to upload to class website

  26. Accessing ArcGIS Online • BSU GIS log-on • Access to all BSU GIS maps and data

  27. Starting Your Map

  28. Using Tools • Show table • Under prospective layer • Measure • Area, length, location • Change symbols • Under prospective layer

  29. Saving Your Work • Take a screenshot (Print Screen button) • Open photo in Microsoft Paint • Crop photo • Save as Jpeg • Attach and email Jpeg to: • burrisgeography@gmail.com

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