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Electrolytes and Nonelectrolytes

Electrolytes and Nonelectrolytes. ELECTROLYTES. NONELECTROLYTES. Definition and properties: A substance that dissolves in water and conducts an electric current. (Has mobile ions). Definition and properties:

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Electrolytes and Nonelectrolytes

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  1. Electrolytes and Nonelectrolytes

  2. ELECTROLYTES NONELECTROLYTES • Definition and properties: • A substance that dissolves in water and conducts an electric current. (Has mobile ions) • Definition and properties: • A substance that dissolves in water and does not produce an electric current. (No mobile ions)

  3. Electrolytes Nonelectrolytes • Examples: Acids, bases and salts • A. Strong Electrolyte: Dissociates completely into ions. • Strong acids: large ka (table K—HCl, HNO3,H2SO4,HBr &HI) • Strong Bases: large Kb (table F—soluble hydroxides) • Soluble salts: large ksp (table F-soluble salts) • B. Weak Electrolyte: • Doesn’t dissociate completely into ions • Weak acids: small ka (all the rest) • Weak bases: small kb (table F-insoluble hydroxides) • Insoluble salts: small ksp (table F-insoluble salts) • Alcohols (CxHyOH, suffic –ol) • Glycerin • Sugars (CxHyOz) • Note: • Dissociate: ionic substances dissociate (break down) into ions. • Ionize: Molecular substances need water to produce ions.

  4. Classify the following as nonelectrolytes, strong electrolytes or weak electrolytes: • HCl • water • NaCl (s) • NaCl (aq) • Vinegar • NaOH (s) • NaOH (aq) • Sugar (s) • Sugar (aq) • Calcium carbonate (s) • Calcium carbonate (aq) • Ethanol • Magnesium hydroxide(s) • Magnesium hydroxide (aq)

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