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Addictive and Unhealthy Behaviors

Addictive and Unhealthy Behaviors. Critical Thinking Question. Include physical, psychological and social reasons in your discussion.

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Addictive and Unhealthy Behaviors

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  1. Addictiveand Unhealthy Behaviors

  2. Critical Thinking Question Include physical, psychological and social reasons in your discussion You are hired as a consultant for a collegiate athletic department. Your main job is to devise a program that will reduce the drug and alcohol use by athletes on campus. Discuss in detail what type of program you would implement, show how it relates to the reasons for substance use.

  3. Defining Substance Abuse Substance abuse A maladaptive pattern of psychoactive substance use indicated by the following: Continued use despite knowledge of having • a persistent or recurring social, occupational, psychological, or physical problem that is caused or exacerbated by use of the psychoactive substance.

  4. Prevalence of Substance Abuse in Sports Most studies have focused on alcohol and steroid use: Alcohol use: 55% of high school athletes; 87%-88% of college athletes. Performance-enhancing drugs: 5% of high school and college athletes report using them (40%-60% among elite athletes)

  5. Why Athletes and Exercisers Take Drugs Physical reasons include wanting to enhance performance, rehabilitate injury, look better, and control appetite and lose weight.

  6. Why Athletes and Exercisers Take Drugs Psychological reasons include wanting to escape from unpleasant emotions or stress, build confidence or enhance self-esteem, and seek thrills. Social reasons include peer pressure, and emulating athletic heroes.

  7. Stimulants Narcotic analgesics Cannabinoids Anabolic agents – Exo/endogenous Peptide hormones Beta 2 Agonists Agents with anti-oestrogenic activity Masking Agents Glucocorticosteroids Ephedrine,cocaine Morphine, diamorphine Hashish, marijuana Anabolic androgenic steroids rh EPO; hGH,insulin Treat asthma Diuretics, plasma exp vasodilatation Performance–Enhancing Drugs The IAAF Prohibited List

  8. Enhancement of oxygen transfer Pharmacological, chemical and physical manipulation Gene doping Blood doping-EPO Masking agent, urine substitution Prohibited Methods Performance–Enhancing Drugs www.asda.org.au/athletes/banned.htm#14

  9. Performance–Enhancing Drugs

  10. Common Side Effects of Recreational Drugs Mood swings Distorted vision Decreased reaction time Blood pressure changes

  11. Preventing and Detecting Substance Abuse Key: Only specially trained professionals work in drug treatment programs. However, fitness professionals play a major role in prevention and detection.

  12. Reducing the Probability of Substance Abuse (Prevention) Provide a supportive environment (address the reasons that individuals take drugs). Educate participants about the effects of drug use. Inform participants of legal sanctions against drug use. (continued)

  13. Reducing the Probability of Substance Abuse (Prevention) Solicit information on your organization’s drug use policy orinitiate one. Set a good example.

  14. Reducing the Probabilityof Substance Abuse (Detection) Be aware of the warning signs of substance abuse: Change in behavior (lack of motivation, tardiness, absenteeism) Change in peer group Major change in personality Major change in performance (academic or athletic) (continued)

  15. Reducing the Probability of Substance Abuse (Detection) Be aware of the warning signs of substance abuse: Apathetic or listless behavior Impaired judgement Poor coordination Poor hygiene and grooming Profuse sweating Muscular twitches or tremors

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