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Lipidomics ERN 4221 9

Disposition. Definition of lipidsLipidomicsClasses of lipidsAnalysesApplication of knowledge to life

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Lipidomics ERN 4221 9

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    1. Lipidomics ERN 4221 9/1-07 Christian A. Drevon Department of Nutrition Institute of Basic Medical Sciences University of Oslo, Norway c.a.drevon@medisin.uio.no http://folk.uio.no/christia

    2. Disposition Definition of lipids Lipidomics Classes of lipids Analyses Application of knowledge to life & health Integrated metabolism Literature

    3. Lipidomics - What & how much? Lipids are insoluble in water & soluble in organic solvents like ether, methanol & chloroform Heterogenous group Constitute a large fraction of the body (3 - 70 %) as well as the diet (~ 30 + 15 E %)

    4. Lipidomics - subgroup of metabolomics

    5. Lipid classification Fahy et al, JLR 2005, 46, 839-61 Fatty acyls (FA) Glycerolipids (GL eg MAG, DAG, TAG) Glycerophospholipids (GP eg PC, PI, PE, PS) Sphingolipids (SL) Sterol lipids (ST eg cholesterol, bile acids, estrogens, vitamin D) Prenol lipids (PR eg farnesol, vitamin E & K) Saccharolipids (SL eg UDP-3-O-(3R-OH-tetradecanoyl)-aD-N-acetylglucosamine) Polyketides (PK eg afflatoxin B1)

    12. Fatty acids & conjugates Wenk, Nature Rev 2005, 4, 594-610

    13. Bovine milk fatty acids (Taugbøl et al 2005)

    14. 18 trans fatty acids in milk (Taugbøl et al 2005)

    18. Food sources of fatty acids FATTY ACID C-ATOMS:DOUBLE BONDS SOURCES Saturates + 12-16 Milk, meat, hard trans fat margarines, cakes, bisquits Linoleic acid 18:2, n-6 Vegetable oils, grain ?-linolenic 18:3, n-3 Green leaves, linseed, soybean & canola oil EPA 20:5, n-3 Marine animals, cod liver & fish oil DHA 22:6, n-3 Marine animals, cod liver & fish oil

    19. Large stores of PUFA in adipose tissue Extensive bowel resection Long term parenteral feeding 18:2, n-6 in plasma Appearance of 20:3, n-9 in plasma Scaling of epidermis High plasma cholesterol Scaly & haemorrhagic dermatitis Haemorrhagic folliculitis of the scalp wound healing growth in children visual acuity Neuropathy conc of n-3 fatty acids in tissue lipids EFA deficiency in man n-6 n-3

    20. Fettsyrer & plasma kolesterol (Müller et al. Lipids 2001, 36, 783-791)

    21. Glycerolipids

    22. Glycerphospholipids

    23. Sterols

    24. Sterol lipids (ST) classes & subclasses Fahy et al, JLR 2005, 46, 839-61

    25. Sphingolipids

    26. Prenyl lipids (PL) classes & subclasses

    27. Vitamin K structure

    28. Vitamin K derivatives Includes a 2-metyl-1,4-naftokinone (menadione) ring, with different isoprenyl-groups in 3-position In plants - a 20-carbon-phytylgroup bound to menadione (phylloquinone; K1) In bacteria - polyisoprenyl-sidechains with 4-13 isoprenyl-units to (menaquinone; K2) Unsaturated isoprenyl-sidechains w/variable length (MK-n) All possible combinations represent ~ 70-80 derivatives

    29. From lipids to DNA or opposite?

    33. Analytical tools in lipdomics

    34. Analytical tools in lipdomics II

    35. Living cells in lipdomics

    36. Lipidomics in nutrition research

    51. Lipoproteiner

    52. Lipoproteiner

    56. Literature & sources

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