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paramecium

paramecium. 6 Kingdoms of Life. Chapter 15 p.325-329. Back in the 18 th century. Linnaeus’ system 2 kingdoms Plants and animals Taxonomists then created 5 kingdom system We are using the 6 kingdom system . Still very debatable. How are organisms placed into kingdoms?.

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paramecium

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  1. paramecium

  2. 6 Kingdoms of Life Chapter 15 p.325-329

  3. Back in the 18th century • Linnaeus’ system • 2 kingdoms • Plants and animals • Taxonomists then created • 5 kingdom system • We are using the • 6 kingdom system Still very debatable

  4. How are organisms placed into kingdoms? • Cell type, ability to make food, number of cells Prokaryotes Eukaryotes No nucleus With a nucleus

  5. All cells Whittaker’s 5 Kingdom system Prokaryotes Eukaryotes Uni-cellular Kingdom Protista Kingdom Monera All Bacteria Multi-cellular No cell wall Kingdom Animalia Cell wall Heterotrophic Kingdom Fungi Cellulose No cellulose Autotrophic (PS) Kingdom Plantae

  6. All cells 6 Kingdom system Prokaryotes Eukaryotes Uni-cellular Kingdom Protista Kingdom Monera All Bacteria Multi-cellular No cell wall Kingdom Animalia Cell wall Heterotrophic Kingdom Fungi Cellulose No cellulose Archae- bacteria Eu- bacteria Autotrophic (PS) Kingdom Plantae

  7. 6 Kingdom system eukaryotes prokaryotes

  8. Kingdom Monera • Microscopic, unicellular • Simple prokaryotic organisms • Have a cell wall • Heterotrophic or autotrophic • Reproduce asexually • Binary fission • Lacks nucleus & membrane bound organelles • Live nearly everywhere (Eg. E.coli) E.coli bacteria (Escherichia coli ) Found in humans Streptococci Makes yoghurt

  9. Kingdom Monera • Split into two • Archaebacteria • Once thought to be similar to eubacteria • Maybe the first living cells • Live in extremely harsh environments • Oxygen-free environments • Very salty environments • Produce methane gas • Live in hotsprings/volcanoes/artic • Eubacteria • True bacteria • Bacteria that we see around us

  10. -grows FAST! -may produce toxins -kill plants by blocking light A bloom of cyanobacteria Lake in New Zealand

  11. Kingdom Protista (Protist = first cell) • Most uni-cellular eukaryotic organisms • Has nuclear membrane • Heterotrophic or autotrophic or both • Reproduces asexually and sexually • Live in aquatic or moist habitats • Any organism that isn’t a plant, animal or fungus • Eg. Simple algae, protozoan Paramecium

  12. Kingdom Fungi • Most are multi-cellular eukaryotic organisms • Heterotrophs (ie. grows on wood) • Cell wall without cellulose (that’s why it’s soft) • Reproduce sexually and asexually • Most are terrestrial • Eg. mushrooms, bread molds, mildew

  13. Kingdom Plantae • All are multi-cellular eukaryotic organisms • Autotrophs (PS) • Reproduce sexually and asexually • Most are terrestrial • Cell wall with cellulose = tough • Eg. seaweed, mosses, ferns, conifers, flowering plants

  14. Kingdom Animalia • All are multi-cellular eukaryotic organisms • Most reproduce sexually (Some asexually) • Live in terrestrial and aquatic habitats • Eg. Sponges, worms, lobsters, sea stars, humans

  15. FYI (For your information) HUMANS  KINGDOM:  AnimaliaPHYLUM:  Chordata(SUBPHYLUM: Vertebrata)(SUPERCLASS:  Gnathostomata) CLASS:  MammaliaORDER:  PrimataSUBORDER:  HaplorhiniFAMILY:  HominidaeGENUS:  HomoSPECIES:  Homo sapiens

  16. Review A new organism is discovered in the tropical rain forest in Brazil. Scientists note it is made of many cells, has a nucleus, a cell wall, and cannot make its own food. Which kingdom does this new organism belong in? KINGDOM FUNGI

  17. Thinking Question • Which kingdom would most likely be the oldest kingdom, meaning the kingdom that has been around for the longest period of time on earth? • Give at least one reason why.

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