WEB 2.0 и образование

1. WEB 2.0 и образование B презентации использованы материалы статьи Д.О.Степулёнка «Google - окно в интернет, iGoogle - поставим на подоконник самое нужное» (КИО № 3-2007) и Brian Benzinger http://www.solutionwatch.com/512/ back-to-school-with-the-class-of-web-20-part-1/

2. Что такое Web 2.0 • Появление термина Web 2.0 принято связывать со статьей «Tim O’Reilly — What Is Web 2.0» • http://www.oreillynet.com/pub/a/oreilly/tim/news/2005/09/30/what-is-web-20.html • на русском языке - «Что такое Веб 2.0» http://computerra.ru/think/234100/

3. Что такое Web 2.0 • В этой статье Тим О'Рейли cвязал появление большого числа сайтов, объединенных некоторыми общими принципами, с общей тенденцией развития интернет-сообщества, и назвал это явление Web 2.0, в противовес «старому» Web 1.0. • Несмотря на то, что значение этого термина до сих пор является предметом многочисленных споров, те исследователи, которые признают существование Web 2.0, выделяют несколько основных аспектов этого явления

4. Признаки Web 2.0 Признак 1. Наличие веб- служб • Веб-службы (web-servises) - программы, доступ к которым осуществляется через сеть Интернет (при помощи протокола HTTP), при этом обмен данными происходит в формате XML. В результате другие программы могут использовать веб-службы вместо самостоятельного выполнения сложных вычислений. В отличие от обычных динамических библиотек (кусков программы, выполняющих определенную функцию), такой подход обладает рядом плюсов: • Веб-служба находится на серверах компании, которая ее создала. Поэтому в любой момент пользователю доступна самая свежая версия данных и ему не приходится заботиться о версиях и обновлениях библиотек. • Инструменты для работы с HTTP и XML есть в любом современном языке программирования, поэтому веб-службы являются платформонезависимыми

5. Признаки Web 2.0 Признак 2. Использование технологии AJAX • AJAX - Asynchronous JavaScript and XML — подход к построению интерфейса веб-приложения, при котором страница, не перезагружаясь, асинхронно загружает нужные пользователю данные. • Использование AJAX стало наиболее популярно после того, как Google начала активно использовать его при создании своих сайтов Gmail и Google Maps. Web 2.0 не привязан к какой-то одной технологии или набору технологий.

6. Признаки Web 2.0 Признак 3. Веб-синдикация. • Веб-синдикация – одновременная публикация одного и того же материала на различных страницах или сайтах. Для этого используются так называемые RSS-потоки, содержащие заголовки материалов и ссылки на них.

7. Признаки Web 2.0 Признак 4. Веб-смешение • Web mash-up («мэшап», дословный перевод – «смешение») – сервис, который полностью или частично использует в качестве источника информации другие сервисы, предоставляя пользователю новую функциональность для работы. • В результате такой сервис может становиться также новым источником информации для других веб-сервисов. Таким образом, образуется сеть зависимых друг от друга сервисов, интегрированных друг с другом. Например, сайт по поиску недвижимости с интегрированными картами Google Maps в итоге представляет собой новый, более удобный сервис, с помощью которого каждый пользователь может сразу увидеть все предлагаемые для продажи дома на карте.

8. Признаки Web 2.0 Признак 5. Использование меток (тегов) • Метки (теги) - ключевые слова, описывающие рассматриваемый объект (относящие его к какой-либо категории). Ключевые слова приписываются объекту, чтобы определить его место среди других объектов. С понятием меток тесно связано понятие фолксономии- термина, о котором широко заговорили именно в связи с ростом сервисов Web 2.0.

9. Признаки Web 2.0 Признак 6. Фолксономия • Фолксономия (англ. folksonomy, от folk - народный + taxonomy – таксономия) – практика совместной категоризации информации (ссылок, фото, видео клипов, документов) посредством произвольно выбираемых тегов (ключевых слов). Другими словами, это понятие относится к спонтанному сотрудничеству группы людей с целью организации информации, которое интересно тем, что оно полностью отличается от традиционных формальных методов классификации. Как правило, это явление возникает только в неиерархических сообществах, таких как общедоступные веб-сайты, а не в многоуровневых коллективах. • Так как организаторы информации обычно являются её же основными пользователями, фолксономия производит результаты, более точно отражающие совокупную концептуальную модель информации всей группы. Появление и быстрое распространение блогов тоже вписывается в концепцию Web 2.0, создавая так называемую "редактируемую Паутину" (writable web). Возможность пометить документ ключевыми словами существует и в языке HTML (англ. keywords), однако этот способ был полностью скомпрометирован широким его использованием в целях поискового спама.

10. Признаки Web 2.0 Признак 7. Социализация • Социализация–использование разработок, которые создает сообщество пользователей этого же сайта. Сюда входит возможность индивидуальных настроек сайта и создание личной зоны (личные файлы, изображения, видео, блоги) для пользователя, чтобы пользователь чувствовал свою уникальность. При формировании сообщества большое значение имеет соревновательный элемент, который позволяет сообществу саморегулироваться и ставит пользователям дополнительный стимул для работы с сайтом.

11. Недостатки Web 2.0 • К недостатком новой структуры сети Интернет следует отнести использование сервисов сторонних компаний, которое наряду с достоинствами приносит и определенные проблемы. Среди них: • - зависимость от наличия постоянного соединения (исчезает связь - информация становится недоступной или неудобной в использовании); • - зависимость сайтов от решений сторонних компаний, зависимость качества работы сервиса от качества работы многих других компаний; • - слабая приспособленность нынешней инфраструктуры к выполнению сложных вычислительных задач в браузере; • - уязвимость конфиденциальных данных, хранимых на сторонних серверах, для злоумышленников (известны случаи хищения личных данных пользователей, массовых взломов учётных записей блогов). • Фактически сайт эпохи Web 2.0 интерактивен и дружелюбен, позволяет себя легко настраивать на первый взгляд, но сбор статистики о пользователях, их предпочтениях и интересах, инструменты поощрения и наказания могут помочь владельцу манипулировать сообществом.

12. Примеры использования Web 2.0 в образовании(зарубежный опыт)

13. Organizers • Stu.dicio.us: Student organizer and social notetaking tool where students can create a schedule, track their grades, manage a to do list, store files for classes, and write public notes in an outline-like format. Stu.dicio.us also allows students to connect with friends and soon will include Facebook integration. • More on Stu.dicio.us.

14. Organizers • Gradefix: Best described by Gradefix, “Gradefix intelligently organizes and prioritizes all of your homework so you are always on top of it.” Students that use Gradefix create a study schedule used to best spreadout and prioritize homework throughout the week in hopes to decrease stress and improve grades.

15. Organizers • Chalksite (Teachers): Chalksite is a system built for teachers, students, and parents providing teachers with an easy to use central point where they can communicate with students and parents, post assignments and grades, send messages, and manage a website for their courses. • More on Chalksite.

16. Organizers • Engrade (Teachers): Similar to Chalksite, Engrade allows teachers to create an account and have direct communication with students and their parents. Teachers can manage student grades, track attendance, schedule upcoming homework, and provide students and parents progress reports.

17. Organizers • mynoteIT: (New release came out the other day) An online note taking tool for students including a WYSIWYG note editor, assignment reminders, grade management, to do lists, and more. Students can also share notes with friends and receive feedback through commenting on notes.

18. Organizers • Haiku LMS (Teachers): Haiku has yet to launch, but its feature set sounds promising making it worth mentioning. Haiku provides a system for teachers where they can create a public website for their classes, manage content, list assignments and announcements, track grades, and more. Sounds like a similar application to Chalksite.

19. Organizers • CollegeRuled: Academic organizer, class scheduler, and message board area for students. Students can either create a schedule or connect to their Facebook schedule with CollegeRuled and take notes and manage a to do list for each class. Note: I have not been able to test CollegeRuled as it requires an .edu email address.

20. Organizers • PocketMod: This isn’t really a “Web 2.0″ product, but I felt it’s worth mentioning. Pocketmod is a small tool for creating disposable paper organizers using print out templates covering just about anything from note paper to reference sheets. It’s perfect for students that prefer keeping organized on paper. Also, it’s just helpful to carry around with you for whenever you may need to jot some things down.

21. Organizers • JotSpot: JotSpot is a free wiki allowing users to create and share documents, spreadsheets, calendars, and more. It is my top pick for a wiki and provides a great set of features. Users can even install other applications from an application gallery to extend their wiki with project managers, to do lists, photo galleries, and other applications. It may be a little on the advanced side for students and teachers, but if your tech savvy, have at it.

22. Gradebooks • Teacher! (Teachers): Teacher, formerly known as Teacherly, is an online grading tool for teachers where they can create classes, add students, and track grades for all assignments and test scores. I would imagine it would work out fine for students as well wanting to track their own grades in classes. Unfortunately, Teacher is not accepting new users at this time but you can signup to be notified when they do and check out a demo in the meantime.

23. Gradebooks • Stu.dicio.us: Built into the Stu.dicio.us organizer comes a very simple grade manager allowing students to assign grade categories (homework, quiz, tests, etc.) and grades to each of their classes. • mynoteIT: Students with an mynoteIT account can login and access their classes where they can add grade sections and grades. What’s nice too is that unlike Stu.dicio.us, mynoteIT gives the student a clear look with letter grades rather then just percentages and averages.

24. Gradebooks • Chalksite (Teachers): Designed for teacher, student, and parent communication, Chalksite provides teachers with online gradebooks where they select their class and simply fill in grades for each assignment that they have sent to their students. Students and parents can then login to their account to view their grades.

25. Gradebooks • Engrade (Teachers): The Engrade online gradebook is built to be flexible to a teachers needs where they can add assignments, create weighted grading categories, customize grading scales (A, B, C, Pass, Fail, etc.), and more. Students and parents can also login and view their grade report.

26. For Teachers, Clubs, and Management • Groupvine: A service designed to help bring group members together to keep track of events, tasks, and news. Great for students in clubs, professors teaching specific topics, and campus management. • For a screencast, view Screeniac.

27. For Teachers, Clubs, and Management • Nuvvo: Teachers wanting to teach online can use Nuvvo providing them with their own online learning portal. Teachers can can add courses that anyone can find and enroll in as well as charge for the online courses. They can manage students, class curriculum, quizzes, and more importantly, learn pages (allowing for headings, text, files, images, and video) that their students will be reading throughout the course.

28. For Teachers, Clubs, and Management • Schoopy: Built to strengthen community communication, Schoopy provides a system in which teachers can manage participating teachers, students, and parents and send messages, ask questions, keep up with assignments and even take quizes. Communities/Schools also can create a public website making it easy for students and parents to keep up with recent updates.

29. For Teachers, Clubs, and Management • Tuggle: Tuggle, launching Fall 2006, is a web-based organization tool for student leaders to manage groups, online payments, bulk email and texting, and more. • Chalksite: A web package developed for teachers to help create a class website and a central point of communication with students and parents. Manage class assignments, student grades, and even a public blog.

30. For Teachers, Clubs, and Management • Engrade: “Engrade is a free online gradebook that allows teachers to manage their classes online as well as post grades, assignments, attendance, and upcoming homework online for students and parents to see.”

31. For Teachers, Clubs, and Management • Haiku LMS: Haiku has yet to launch, but its feature set sounds promising making it worth mentioning. Haiku provides a system for teachers where they can create a public website for their classes, manage content, list assignments and announcements, track grades, and more. Sounds like a similar application to Chalksite.

32. For Teachers, Clubs, and Management • Zoho Challenge: Online test tool where you can easily create tests, send tests to candidates (students, in this case), and view results with visual reports and straight forward grading (pass or fail).

33. Mathematics • Calcoolate: Calcoolate provides users with a simple calculator with advanced expression support, mathematic functions, and history for viewing past calculations. • Calcr: Similar to Calcoolate, Calcr is a web-based calculator with mathematic expression and function support as well as history logging in a very minimalist design.

34. Mathematics • Create a Graph: Create a Graph is a free tool by Students’ Classroom that aims to make it easy for students to create bar graphs, line graphs, area graphs, pie charts, and point graphs. Navigate through its easy to understand visual interface to add data and customize graphs.

35. Mathematics • e-Tutor Graphing Calculator: Advanced web-based graphing calculator allowing students to enter one or more equations and view them with position/intersection indicators and zooming functionality.

36. Resume Building • Emurse: Great service built for job hunters that want to create, send, and share a professional resume. Users can view their resume’s statistics, send out their resume via fax and ground mail, and receive a public or private web address. One of my favorite applications of the year. More on Emurse.

37. Resume Building • hResume Creator: Helpful tool for the tech savvy crowd that want to create a Microformatcompatible resume for their website. Simply fill out the hResume form covering basic resume information and retrieve an HTML file which you can use to copy-n-paste into your website. You can then style the resume as you wish with basic CSS if your not thrilled with the default appearance.

38. Resume Building • Amiko: Amiko does not appear to work or be officially launched yet, but I have been keeping an eye on it for the last month or so and hope to try it out soon. It appears to be a service that allows users to create and manage an online resume although it’s feature set does not look all that promising compared to Emurse. Note: The signup form doesn’t seem to work for me and I’ve tried reporting it as a bug, but the bug form did not work either. I’ll keep my eye on it.

39. To Do’s and Note Taking • 25 To Do Lists to Stay Productive: Solution Watch roundup of 25 web-based task managers that can be helpful for students wanting to keep track of homework and upcoming quizzes. Be sure to check visitor comments for more. • Fifty Ways to Take Notes: Another Solution Watch roundup including over 50 ways to take notes using various web-based tools in seven categories.

40. To Do’s and Note Taking • NoteMesh: Best described by NoteMesh, “There are plenty of notes services out there; NoteMesh is a different way of thinking about your notes. Collaborate with your classmates to create a unified set of notes for your class. It’s like Wikipedia for your notes.” Note: School email address required when registering.

41. To Do’s and Note Taking • Notecentric: Notecentric is a new notetaking site designed to help university students have their notes wherever they are and easily share them with fellow classmates. You can add multiple classes to your account and save notes to them using a WYSIWYG editor. Note: School email address required when registering. • NoteTango: Free and collaborative note sharing site, launched just days ago, that allows students to create and share notes online and search notes created by other students.

42. Learning and Research • EasyBib: An “automatic bibliography composer” that lets users enter sources and fill out a simple forms to be given MLA style bibliographies. I’ve used this multiple times in the past for research papers. • Ottobib: Similar to EasyBib, Ottobib is a simple bibliography tool that allows users to enter multiple ISBN numbers for books at a time and retrieve the bibliographies in MLA, APA, AMA, or Chicago/Turabian format.

43. Learning and Research • Nuvvo: Nuvvo offers a service where students can search for courses to enroll in online on any just about any topic. It’s a fun and easy way for students to learn and they can select from free or paid courses. • Diigo: Social annotation and bookmarking service where users can bookmark sites and add highlights and notes to them. Great for research. In fact, I used Diigo to help organize bookmarks and notes for this post.

44. Learning and Research • Wizlite: “Wizlite allows you to highlight text (like on real paper) on any page on the Internet and share it with everybody (or just your friends).” • Mindpicnic: Similar to Nuvvo, Mindpicnic offers a service where users can create courses and find and study interesting courses full of media, links, flash cards, and more.

45. Learning and Research • Answers.com: Excellent site for researching anything at all. Make a search and receive results from dictionaries, encyclopedias, and other information sources. • Wikipedia: Wikipedia is a collaborative encyclopedia under a Wiki platform that is written and maintained by volunteers. It has possibly grown to be todays largest reference site and encyclopedia on the Internet.

46. Learning and Research • Del.icio.us: Social bookmarking site where users can save bookmarks and organize them with tags. Users can also take advantage of their del.icio.us network allowing them to add friends to their account and keep track of bookmarks left by each friend.

47. Learning and Research • Zotero: Next-generation research tool for Firefox that is currently in private beta. With Zotero, users can capture citation information, store media and websites, take notes, and more all within their browser. Note: Zotero is in private beta and I have not had the chance to try it out and will keep my eye on it.

48. Learning and Research • Newsvine: I could have picked any ol’ news site for this post, but Newsvine is, in my opinion, the best news source for students. It’s a clean and friendly social news site containing articles from the Associated Press, ESPN, and New Scientist as well as user contributions. Students can browse the site comfortably, rate news articles, participate in article discussion, and even start their own news column where they can write and publish articles. • More on Newsvine.

49. Media Sharing • Youtube: YouTube has quickly grown to be one of the most popular websites on the Internet. I personally use it for entertainment, although you can find a great deal of educational videos as well as create an account to upload your own videos for free. Students can research the site (may come across inappropriate content here and there) and even create projects with video and share them on the web.

50. Media Sharing • Google Video: Similar to YouTube, Google Video allows users to search, upload, and share videos online for free. I’m a fan of YouTube, but Google comes on top when it comes to quality educational videos. Google Video even has an educational category providing hour long videos and caption/subtitled videos (new).