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Chapter 3 Language Translation Issues

Chapter 3 Language Translation Issues . Programming Languages Pratt. Programming Syntax. During the early days of language design (1960), they believed that a formal syntax is all that is required. Backus-Naur form (BNF) Context-free grammer

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Chapter 3 Language Translation Issues

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  1. Chapter 3Language Translation Issues Programming Languages Pratt

  2. Programming Syntax • During the early days of language design (1960), they believed that a formal syntax is all that is required. • Backus-Naur form (BNF) • Context-free grammer • Syntax: the arrangement of words as elements in a sentence to show their relationship. • The sequence of symbols that make up valid programs.

  3. Syntax is not enough, semantics are needed too. • Use of declarations, operations,sequence control, and referencing environments, affect a variable, not always determined by syntax.

  4. General Syntactic Criteria • The primary purpose: provide a notation for communication between the programmer and the programming language processor.

  5. The Criteria • Readability • Writeability • Ease of verifiability • Ease of translation • Lack of ambiguity

  6. Syntactic Elements of a Language • Character set • Identifiers • Operator symbols • Keywords and reserved word • Noise words • Comments

  7. Syntactic Elements of a Language • Blanks • Delimiters and brackets • Free- and fixed- field formats • Expressions • Statements

  8. Overall Program-subprogram Structure • Separate subprogram definitions • Separate data definitions • Nested subprogram definitions • Separate interface definitions • Data descriptions separated from executable from executable statements • Unseparated subprogram definitions

  9. What do you know about Compiling? • Lexical analysis • syntactic analysis • semantic analysis • optimization • code generation • linking, loading

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