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IEEM 110: Computing in Industrial Automation

IEEM 110: Computing in Industrial Automation. Selected Events in the History of Automation. • Organized automation, mechanization: Industrial revolution, 1770-, England, Europe, US • Hard automation and transfer lines: Henry Ford, 1900-, USA

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IEEM 110: Computing in Industrial Automation

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  1. IEEM 110: Computing in Industrial Automation

  2. Selected Events in the History of Automation • Organized automation, mechanization: Industrial revolution, 1770-, England, Europe, US • Hard automation and transfer lines: Henry Ford, 1900-, USA • Numerically Controlled (NC) machine tools, 1952 (US Air Force, MIT) • Microchip computers: late 1960-, USA • CNC (computer numerical controlled) machine tools, 1970-, USA • Industrial Robots, USA, Japan, 1970- • Computer networks, DARPA USA, 1970- • Flexible Manufacturing Systems (FMS), Japan, 1980-.

  3. Advantages of Automation • Improved quality: Interchangeability, increased life • Precise control, Shorter response time • Shorter processing time: low lead-time, lower inventory • Safety: handling hazardous substance, handling heavy materials • Less waste: repeatability

  4. PLC Microprocessor Computers Communication network Network Interface Analog controls A/D converter D/A converter Digital Signals Analog Signals Sensors and Actuators Physical Process Basic Structure of Automatic Control System

  5. Actuator Device Signal Actuator Device Signal - feedback Sensor Open Loop, Closed Loop Systems

  6. Examples of Automation(1) Kowloon Motor Bus To request the bus to stop, you press a button: A bell rings (once), and A light bulb near the driver’s seat turns ON Q1. Identify the sensor(s) and actuator(s) in this system. Q2. Is it an analog signal or digital? Q3. Is it a closed loop or open loop control?

  7. Examples of Automation(2) Kowloon Motor Bus To request the bus to stop, you press a yellow strip A bell rings (once), and A light bulb near the driver’s seat turns ON Q1. What type of sensor is being used here?

  8. Examples of Automation (3) Automatic doors When you walk in front of the door, it automatically opens; After a fixed amount of time, it shuts. Q1. Identify the sensor, and the actuators in this case Q2. Give examples of two types of sensors that may be used here Q3. Give examples of two types of actuators that may be used here

  9. Examples of Automation (4) HMV (or other CD selling shop) If a person carrying a CD without paying: an alarm rings out, and a light bulb flashes. Q1. What are the sensors and actuators in this case?

  10. Examples of Automation (5) Automatic rice cooker Put the rice and water in it in the morning, set it to start cooking at 6pm. It turns on automatically. When the rice is cooked, it switches to “keep warm” mode. Q1. How does it control when to turn on? Q2. What type of sensor(s) and actuators are inside this machine? Q3. How would you sense when the rice is cooked? Q4. How can the rice be kept warm for up to 12 hours? Q5. The cooker can be set to cook different food types (rice, congee, fish…). How is the logic for so many functions controlled?

  11. Examples of Automation (6) Park and Shop The sales clerk ‘swipes’ item across a glass sheet on top of the counter. The price (and name) of the item are automatically printed on the receipt. The receipt also calculates the total price of all items you have bought. Q1. Identify the sensors and actuators in this example. Q2. Is this an example of digital or analog control? Q3. How does the system know what item was swiped? Q4. How does the system know the price and name of the item? Q5. How can the information of “which item is purchased” be used to improve customer service?

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