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19 th Century Religious & Reform Movements

19 th Century Religious & Reform Movements. “Burned Over District”. Millerites. William Miller Millennium in March 1843, then Oct. 22, 1844. United Society of Believers in Christ’s Second Appearing. The Shakers Mother Ann Lee No private property, procreation, marriage, parenthood. Oneida.

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19 th Century Religious & Reform Movements

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  1. 19th Century Religious & Reform Movements

  2. “Burned Over District”

  3. Millerites • William Miller • Millennium in March 1843, then Oct. 22, 1844

  4. United Society of Believers in Christ’s Second Appearing • The Shakers • Mother Ann Lee • No private property, procreation, marriage, parenthood

  5. Oneida • John Humphrey Noyes • Methodist Perfectionism • “Complex Marriage”

  6. Major Reform Campaigns • Self-improvement • Free education • Sabbatarianism • Temperance • Penitentiaries/Asylums • Moral Reform

  7. Key Characteristics • Women conformed to expected behavior • Voluntary Associations • Northern • Bodily & impulse control • Disciplinary Intimacy • Volunteers were morally implicated

  8. Anti-Gambling • Judgment towards nature of earned wealth

  9. Promoting Education • 1815 = 33 colleges • 1835 = 68 • 1848 = 113 • Great Awakening Colleges = Amherst, Wesleyan, Emory, Duke, Mount Holyoke, Oberlin, Notre Dame

  10. Criminal Justice • Ossining Prison, Hudson River Valley • Eastern State Penitentiary, Philadelphia • Panopticon

  11. Asylums • Dorothea Dix • Massachusetts House of Corrections, 1841 • 1860 = 28 out of 33 states had public asylums

  12. Sylvester Graham • No stimulants, bland diet • Overtaxed bodily system, sensual life as causes of all disease

  13. Anti-Masturbation Campaign • Parental involvement & middle-class respectability • New concept of childhood innocence

  14. Women’s Involvement • Movement outside the home • Socialization • No official political authority

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