1 / 51

The History of Mass Communication

The History of Mass Communication. You’re gonna love it. Mass Communication. Mass Communication is designed to reach large audiences who are not usually physically present and who can “turn off” the senders at will.

gurit
Télécharger la présentation

The History of Mass Communication

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The History of Mass Communication You’re gonna love it

  2. Mass Communication • Mass Communication is designed to reach large audiences who are not usually physically present and who can “turn off” the senders at will. • Electronic media can now bring everything to you in your home or mobile device. You can both see and hear things that are happening around the world. • What are some Major Media Companies? • Mass Communication is there to… Inform Entertain Profit

  3. Early Innovations • 3300 B.C. • Egyptians perfect hieroglyphics. • Later • Print was the first means of mass communication. • 1440 • Johann Gutenberg conceives the idea of movable type. In his workshop, he brings together the technologies of paper, oil-based ink and wood carved letters (later medal letters) to print books. • 1452 • Guttenberg’s Bible was published becoming the first book to be published in volume. • 1550s • All Europe cities had print shops. • 1468 • William Caxton produces a book in England with the first printed advertisement.

  4. Colonial era and early republic years • 1690 • Ben Harris prints first Colonial newspaper (Publick Occurrences, Both Foreign and Domestic) in Boston. • 1731 • Ben Franklin founds first public library.

  5. Telegraph era and Start of industrial Revolution • 1821 • National magazines (The Saturday Evening Post). • 1827 • Joseph Niepce is universally credited with producing the first successful photograph in 1827. • “Photography” is derived from the Greek words photos (“light”) and graphein (“to draw”). • 1836 • William McGuffey begins writing textbooks. • 1839 • Louis-Jacques-MandeDaguere is credited with invention of the camera.

  6. Telegraph era and Start of industrial Revolution • 1841 • Horace Greely introduces the editorial page. • 1857 • James Buchanan’s Inauguration is the first photographed. • 1865 • Fictional text started to be mass produced. • 1867 • 1st typewriter was invented. • 1876 • Thomas Edison invents the phonograph.

  7. Telegraph era and Start of industrial Revolution • Before photography was invented, newspapers used illustrators to display to the reader visually what was happening. Once photography hit the scene, illustrators went obsolete. • 1880s • Yellow journalism causes Joseph Pulitzer to establish criteria for journalism and literature through the Pulitzer Prize. • 1880 • First half-tone photograph appears in a daily newspaper, the New York Graphic. • 1883 • Joseph Pulitzer bought the NY based World newspaper and began putting pictures in its pages. In three years Pulitzer turned World newspaper into the most profitable paper ever published. • 1887 • German physicist Heinrich Hertz first discovers Radio Waves.

  8. Telegraph era and Start of industrial Revolution • 1888 • Thomas Edison came up with the idea for a Kinetoscope. It was a device which would “do for the eye what the phonograph does for the ear” – record and reproduce objects in motion. • 1893 • Edison’s first motion picture showed his employee Fred Ott pretending to sneeze. • 1899 • Gilbert Grosvenor introduces photographs in National Geographic.

  9. Golden Ages of radio, TV and movies • 1901 • Guglieimo Marconi creates the wireless telegraph and is able to send the letter “S” from England to Canada. • 1902 • Beatrix Potter’s The Tale of Peter Rabbit series launches small, easy to handle children’s books. • In the 1910s a lot of radio and telegraph transmissions were used for the war and police stations. • 1919 • The Radio Corporation of America (RCA) is founded.

  10. Golden Ages of radio, TV and movies • 1919 • Dr. Frank Conrad, a Westinghouse engineer, broadcasts a regular schedule of records from his garage in Pittsburgh, and begins to take requests from mail he receives. A local department store mentions those broadcasts in one of their newspaper advertisements, and promptly sells out of radio equipment. • 1920 • The first commercial radio broadcast is made by KDKA, in Pittsburg, PA. • 1922 • Football games were being broadcast, Radio programming was up to 3 hours a day and AT&T linked stations where President Coolidge's speech could be heard coast to coast.

  11. Golden Ages of radio, TV and movies • 1923 • Henry Luce and Briton Hadden launch Time, the first newsmagazine. • 1925 • Calvin Coolidge's Inauguration is the first on radio. • 1926 • Ernst Alexanderson is proclaimed the “Inventor of Television” by the press in St. Louis. • 1927 • The movie The Jazz Singer is the first “talkie”. • 1927 • Radio Owners go to Government and begged for regulation and the Federal Radio Commission (FRC) was established.

  12. Golden Ages of radio, TV and movies • 1928 • GE begun regular TV broadcasting. • 1930 • July 30 NBC started its first TV station in NY called W2XBS. • 1931 • CBS begun regular TV broadcasting of 28 hours per week on W2XAB in NY. • Mid 1030s to 1940s • Radio shifted from music and local talk to news and drama. • 1936 • Germany broadcast the Olympic games in Berlin with a 180-line electronic system.

  13. Golden Ages of radio, TV and movies • 1937 • Walt Disney produces the first animated feature Snow White . • 1940s • A.C. Nielsen conducts listener survey. • 1941 • FCC issued the first commercial TV licenses to 10 stations. • Pearl Harbor attack is reported by radio. • 1944 • The American Broadcasting Company (ABC) is created from the breakup of NBC. • 1947 • CBS and NBC begin first newscasts.

  14. Golden Ages of radio, TV and movies • 1948 • Cable television is born. • FCC ordered a freeze that prevented any new TV channels from being authorized beyond the existing 100 stations, until technical interference and color TV compatibility problems were resolved. • 1949 • Harry Truman’s Inauguration is first televised. • 1952 • The FCC lifts the Freeze on licensing new TV channels. • 1954 • Color broadcasting is introduced!

  15. Cold war decade • 1960s • Motion pictures soar!! • 1960 • Olympic games are first televised. • 1962 • Paul Baran of the RAND Corporation (a government agency) was commissioned by the U.S. Air Force to do a study on how it could maintain its command and control over its missiles and bombers after a nuclear attack. Baran’s finished document was a packet switched network…the beginning of the Internet.

  16. Social issues decade • 1970s • TV sitcoms address social issues. • 1970 • Monday Night Football debuts on television. • 1972 • The first e-mail program was created by Ray Tomlinson. • The “pay TV network” is born as Sterling Manhattan Cable launch Home Box Office, the first programming service to be delivered nationwide via satellite. • 1973 • Development begun on the protocol TCP/IP. This new protocol was to allow diverse computer networks to interconnect and communicate with each other.

  17. Social issues decade / cable tv is born • 1976 • The first consumer Direct To Home (DTH) Satellite System was created. • 1977 • First VHS VCR featured a 2-hour recording time. • 1980s • A revolution in the home-video market took place, through which major releases were made available for home viewing almost immediately after they left theatres. • 1985 • Microsoft Windows is launched. • 1989 • Compaq laptop computer is launched.

  18. Digital Decade • 1990s • Four large cable companies launched a Direct Broadcast satellite (DBS) system called Primestar. • 1992 • Internet Society is chartered and the World-Wide Web is released. • 1993 • Internet services are created: directory and database services (by AT&T), registration services (by Network Solutions Inc.) and information services (by Geeral Atomics). • 1994 • DIRECTV is launched. • Pizza Hut offers pizza ordering on its Web page.

  19. Digital Decade • 1995 • Microsoft Internet Explorer is launched. • Amazon.com launches online shipping. • 139 cable programming services are available nationwide. • Companies are contracted out by The National Science Foundation to be providers of access to the Internet. Those companies would then sell connections to groups, organization and companies. • 1997 • Bill Clinton’s Inauguration is live on the Internet.

  20. Age of media convergence • 2000s • Having your own blog becomes hip. • 2001 • 9/11 Attacks are reported immediately through multimedia. • iPod and MP3 format compressed digital files debut. • 2002 • Satellite radio is launched. • 2003 • iTunes online music store begins. • A new U.S. law creates a kids-safe “dot-kids” domain (kids.us) to be implemented.

  21. Age of media convergence • Mid 2003 • DVD rentals first topped those of VHS videotape. Many major studios stopped creating VHS versions of their films and major retail stores stopped selling VHS version releases. • 2004 • 60,000,000 web sites • 2006 • Citizen journalists record events on cellular cameras and technology. • 2007 • Presidential debates on YouTube. • 2008 • Blu-ray wins battle over HD-DVD.

  22. Buddhist Scripture First Printed- 868 • The Diamond Sutra is the world's earliest dated printed book.

  23. GutTenbergPrints Bible with Moveable Type-1452 In 1440, Johann Guttenberg brings together the technologies of paper, oil-based ink and wood carved letters (later medal letters) to print books. 1452, Guttenberg's Bible was published becoming the first book to be published in volume.

  24. 1ST Successful photo by Joseph Niepce-1827

  25. Abe Lincoln Becomes President-1860

  26. First Typewriter invented-1867 • Tools for recording the written word

  27. Thomas Edison invents Phonograph-1876

  28. Joseph Pulitzer Buys New York Based Newspaper-1883

  29. Marconi Demonstrated the wireless Telegraph-1901 • Able to send the letter S from England to Canada

  30. The Titanic Sinks-1912

  31. World War I Begins-1917

  32. RCA Founded-1919 1920, the first commercial radio broadcast is made by KDKA, Pittsburg.Radio is being acclaimed as the newest form of entertainment for the home in 1920.Football games were being broadcast.Radio programming was up to 3 hours a day. President Coolidge’s speech could be heard coast to coast.

  33. Ernst Alexanderson Proclaimed inventor of TV - 1926

  34. Olympic Games First Broadcasted on TVBerlin, Germany-1934

  35. War of the Worlds radio broadcast by Orson Wells-1938 • People thought there was an actual Martian invasion.FCC (FRC)

  36. World War II Begins-1941

  37. ABC founded from sale of NBC -1944

  38. Color Broadcasting Introduced-1954

  39. Soviet Union Launches Sputnik - 1957

  40. JFK Elected President-1960 How did TV help JFK with elections?

  41. Neil Armstrong Steps foot on the Moon -1969

  42. MTV first Airs - 1981 • Do you • know what • Music • Video was • First • aired?

  43. Apple Computer launches Macintosh -1984

  44. Compact Disc Sales surpass Vinyl - 1988

  45. WWW Begins - 1992

  46. Direct TV Satellite Launched - 1994

  47. Blockbuster adopts DVD as standard -1998

  48. TIVO introduced - 1999 • What would you do without your DVR?

  49. YouTube Launched - 2002

  50. iPhone Introduced - 2007

More Related