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  1. Urban Health University of the Gambia Spring 2014 Dr. Anne Wallis Overview 10 March 2014

  2. Today • Why urban health? • What is urban health?

  3. Urban health? Rural health? Is urban health better than rural health? YES, for virtually all health indicators BUT … not true once you account for slums

  4. Factors affecting health • Economic conditions • Social conditions • Living environment • Access to healthcare • Hidden/unlisted slums • Mobility

  5. Key elements Marriage Fertility Maternal health Hygiene Child survival Family planning Environmental conditions Housing

  6. Marriage & Fertility Indicators of Urban Poor in India: NFHS 3

  7. Maternal Health Indicators of Urban Poor in India: NFHS 3

  8. Maternal health indicators by place of residence NFHS-3

  9. Child survival indicators of urban poor in India: NFHS 3

  10. Fully immunized children, 12-23 months age by place of residence NFHS-3

  11. Child survival by residence NFHS-3

  12. Family Planning Indicators of Urban Poor in India: NFHS 3

  13. Environmental conditions, infectious diseases, and access to healthcare among urban poor : NFHS 3

  14. Double jeopardy • Overcrowding • Rapid growth of urban centers • Led to substandard housing • Marginal land • Overcrowding • Outbreaks of disease • Respiratory • Fecal-oral • Exacerbates health risks related to insufficient and poor water quality and poor sanitation systems • Lack of privacy

  15. More…. • Air pollution • Vehicles • Noise and air pollution • Respiratory diseases • Lung cancer, heart disease • Water/sanitation problems • Unsustainable water management • Lack of sanitation • 1.1 billion people worldwide do not have access to clean drinking water • Most lack even a simple latrine • Gastrointestinal disease • Economic burden

  16. More • Non-communicable disease • Demographic transition • Decreased activity • Processed food • Urbanization has an effect on diet • Staples are more expensive in urban areas • Processed foods less expensive

  17. Module 1 major topics • What is urban health? • What is urbanicity? Rurality? • Health + place • Data sources • Role of the WHO

  18. Module 2: 17-28 March • Major topics will include: • Interdisciplinary perspectives • Anthropology • Urban planning • Epidemiology • Health services research

  19. Module 2: Content • Discussion of readings • Discussion of online lecture materials • Presentations by groups on project progress

  20. Module 3: 31 March – 18 April • Major topics will include: • Accessing marginalized populations • Population movements (migration) • Public health interventions • Policies

  21. Module 3 Content • Weekly Elluminate meetings • Discussion of readings • Discussion of online lecture materials • Group project • From research => policy • Week of 14 April • Presentations by groups on project progress

  22. Module 4: 21 April – 1 May • Major topics • Public health and policy solutions

  23. Module 4 Content • Presentation of final project • Place • Definitions • Theory • Policy

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